⭐️ TPO 61 L2 環境論者：綠建築計劃 Environmentalists: green building programs 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【綠建築 Green building】： https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-tw/%E7%B6%A0%E8%89%B2%E5%BB%BA%E7%AF%89 ✅聽力練習【探討綠建築和建築業的未來 Exploring Green Building and the Future of Construction】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wmoy27EZ8y0 ⭐️ TPO 62 L1: 奧姆斯德的設計 Olmsted's Design 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【弗雷德里克·奧姆斯德 Frederick Law Olmsted】： https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-tw/%E5%BC%97%E9%9B%B7%E5%BE%B7%E9%87%8C%E5%85%8B%C2%B7%E5%A5%A7%E5%A7%86%E6%96%AF%E5%BE%B7 ✅聽力練習【弗雷德里克·奧姆斯德 Frederick Law Olmsted | Designing America】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PoiCwkYengM

⭐️ TPO 60 L2: 厭氧分解 Anaerobic digestion 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【厭氧分解 Anaerobic digestion】： https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anaerobic_digestion ✅聽力練習【厭氧分解技術和操作 Anaerobic Digestion Technologies and Operation】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IGPEP9EZU3Y

藝術 ⭐️TPO 01 L1: 美國現實主義女畫家羅絲 · 弗蘭岑 Rose Frantzen 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【羅絲 · 弗蘭岑寫生人物肖像畫作品】: https://read01.com/zh-tw/7R0ejzn.html#.YrAw63ZBxPY ✅聽力練習【羅絲 · 弗蘭岑對話中的肖像 Rose Frantzen Portraits in Conversation】: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VVC7lC07qNs ⭐️TPO 03 L2: 讓·班勒維的電影拍攝風格 Jean Painleve film style 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【讓·班勒維維基百科 Jean Painlevé - wiki】 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean_Painlev%C3%A9 ✅聽力練習【動物學超現實主義：讓·班勒維的非人類電影 Zoological Surrealism: The Nonhuman Cinema of Jean Painlevé 】: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MKi2X3y86PY ⭐️TPO 03 L3: 法國肖維岩洞史前繪畫 Chauvet cave painting 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【肖維岩洞】: https://www.newton.com.tw/wiki/%E8%82%96%E7%B6%AD%E5%B2%A9%E6%B4%9E ✅聽力練習【肖維岩洞：保護史前藝術 - BBC新聞 Chauvet cave: Preserving prehistoric art - BBC News】: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3OLaNtKoJFk ⭐️TPO 04 L4: 政府對藝術的支助 Government Support for Art 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【藝術新的方案：1930年代的政府藝術專案 New Deal for Art: The Government Art Projects of the 1930s】: https://www.americansforthearts.org/by-program/reports-and-data/legislation-policy/naappd/new-deal-for-art-the-government-art-projects-of-the-1930s-with-examples-from-new-york-city-and-state ✅聽力練習【歷史簡介：1930 年代的藝術 History Brief: Art in the 1930s】: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k7l3kcQ8JU0 ⭐️TPO 07 L1: 精心製作的戲劇 The well-made Play 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【19世紀法國的戲劇 The theater of 19th-century France】: https://www.britannica.com/art/theater-building/Developments-in-the-19th-century ✅聽力練習【19世紀的戲劇 Theatre in the 19th Century】: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z6Fb8nRz1Rk ⭐️ TPO 08 L2: 19世紀巴黎的女藝術家 Women Artists in 19th Century Paris 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【19世紀法國的女性藝術家 Women Artists in Nineteenth-Century France】： https://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/19wa/hd_19wa.htm ✅聽力練習【19世紀美國和歐洲的女性藝術家 Women Artists in 19th-century U.S. and Europe】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zNpSpJrrZOk ⭐️ TPO 09 L1: 菲利普·詹姆斯·德·路德堡 Philippe Jacques de Loutherbourg 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【菲利普·詹姆斯·德·路德堡 Philip James de Loutherbourg - wiki】： https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philip_James_de_Loutherbourg ✅聽力練習【光榮六月一日海戰 The Battle of The Glorious First of June 1794】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FZj_ak8O2k8 ⭐️ TPO 11 L2: 科德角式房屋 Cape Cod House 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【科德角房屋歷史】： https://zhtw.eferrit.com/%E9%97%9C%E6%96%BC%E7%BE%8E%E5%9C%8B%E9%B1%88%E9%AD%9A%E8%A7%92%E9%A2%A8%E6%A0%BC%E7%9A%84%E6%88%BF%E5%AD%90/ ✅聽力練習【7種居家風格解析 7 Home Styles Explained 】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IBitT-Fd5L ⭐️ TPO 12 L3: 歌劇的演變 Evolution of Opera 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【歌劇簡介 A Brief History of Opera】： https://www.sfopera.com/discover-opera/intro-to-opera/a-brief-history-of-opera/ ✅聽力練習【歌劇簡史 A Quick History of Opera】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qo0KRY6XrsI ⭐️ TPO 15 L3: 覆蓋書寫本 Palimpsest 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【重寫品 - wiki】： https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palimpsest ✅聽力練習【覆蓋書寫本含意、例子、定義 Palimpsest Meaning - Palimpsest Examples - Palimpsest Defined】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=53ONoJyyKkk ⭐️ TPO 16 L2: 鋼琴 Piano 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【鋼琴發明的故事 The Story of the Piano's Invention】： https://www.yamaha.com/en/musical_instrument_guide/piano/structure/ ✅聽力練習【鋼琴是什麼時候發明的？鋼琴的歷史 When Was the Piano Invented? The History of the Piano】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qc7VtjmgOjE ⭐️ TPO 16 L4: 彩色玻璃 Stained Glass 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【彩色玻璃 Stained glass - wiki】： https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stained_glass ✅聽力練習【彩色玻璃的歷史 Stained Glass History】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CL4sTyjEsVA ⭐️ TPO 17 L1: 史前藝術的年代測定 Prehistoric Art Dating 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【史前藝術的年代測定方法 Dating Methods for Prehistoric Art】： https://journals.openedition.org/palethnologie/823 ✅聽力練習【確定考古遺址日期的4種方法 4 Ways to Date an Archaeological Site】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NFNPmRWDBag ⭐️ TPO 18 L2: 希臘雕像的複製品 Copies of Greek Sculptures 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【伊萊恩·K·加茲達 Elaine Gazda】： https://lsa.umich.edu/kelsey/about-us/staff/curators-emerita/gazda.html ✅聽力練習【希臘雕像是著色的大理石並非白色的 Greek Sculpture: Painted Marble, not White!】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qNf-0a6TvSw ⭐️ TPO 19 L4: 塞西莉亞·博克斯 Cecilia Beaux 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【塞西莉亞·博克斯 Cecilia Beaux - wiki】： https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cecilia_Beaux ✅聽力練習【塞西莉亞·博克斯的《黃昏的秘密》。 Cecilia Beaux's Twilight Confidences 】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iJ9qlUPwAo0 ⭐️ TPO 21: 愛麗絲·尼爾 Alice Neel 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【愛麗絲·尼爾的傳記 Alice Neel's Biography】： https://www.davidzwirner.com/artists/alice-neel ✅聽力練習【愛麗絲·尼爾：藝術與記憶 Alice Neel: ART+MEMORY】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LNdLHHqynKc ⭐️ TPO 22: 音樂家和電影產業 Musician & film industry 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【電影配樂完整指南 A Complete Guide to Movie Score】： https://www.premiumbeat.com/blog/complete-guide-to-movie-score/ ✅聽力練習【電影音樂：如何逐步為場景配樂 Music to Movies: How to Score a Scene Step by Step】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C_k08WO1EZc ⭐️ TPO 23 螢幕舞蹈 Screen Dance 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【螢幕舞蹈：一種新的視覺語言 Screendance: A New Visual Language】： https://arts.stanford.edu/screendance-a-new-visual-language/ ✅聽力練習【螢幕舞蹈：電影與舞蹈的結合藝術 Screendance: The Art of Combing Film and Dance】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9iYj4TlRR4A ⭐️TPO 24 現代舞 Modern Dance 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【了解現代舞：現代舞指南 Understanding Modern Dance: A Guide to Modern Dance】： https://www.masterclass.com/articles/modern-dance-explained ✅聽力練習【抒情舞、現代舞和當代舞的差異 Lyrical, Modern, and Contemporary...what's the difference】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0xQL7EcQcAM ⭐️ TPO 25 巴爾托克 Béla Bartók 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【歷史背景下的民間音樂 Folk Music in Historical Context】： https://www.britannica.com/art/folk-music/Folk-music-in-historical-context ✅聽力練習【貝拉·巴托克：在十字路口 Béla Bartók: At the Crossroads】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=isU-rq6p8ws ⭐️ TPO 25 埃及象形文字 Egyptian Hieroglyphs 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【關於古埃及象形文字的八個事實 Facts About Ancient Egypt's Hieroglyphs Writing】： https://www.history.com/news/hieroglyphics-facts-ancient-egypt ✅聽力練習【如何閱讀古埃及象形文字 How to Read Ancient Egyptian Hieroglyphs】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=emn_nqbETco ⭐️ TPO 25 文藝復興时期的花園 Renaissance Gardens 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【文藝復興花園是什麼？它們對景觀有什麼影響？What are Renaissance Gardens and What are Their Effects on the Landscape】： https://www.re-thinkingthefuture.com/designing-for-typologies/what-are-renaissance-gardens-and-what-are-their-effects-on-the-landscape/#google_vignette ✅聽力練習【英國花園簡史 A Short History of English Gardens】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mZhUl3fUKjI ⭐️ TPO 26 阿基米德古抄本 Archimedes Palimpsest 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【阿基米德抄本揭示了超越时代的見解 Archimedes Palimpsest Reveals Insights Centuries Ahead of its Times】： https://www.theguardian.com/books/2011/oct/26/archimedes-palimpsest-ahead-of-time ✅聽力練習【威爾·諾埃爾談《阿基米德抄本》的修復Restoring the Archimedes Palimpsest by Will Noel】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t3IP_FmGams ⭐️ TPO 26 綠色行銷 Green Marketing 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【綠色行銷簡介：為什麼它現在比以往任何時候都更重要 An Introduction to Green Marketing: why it matters now more than ever】： https://icc.academy/introduction-to-green-marketing/ ✅聽力練習【綠色行銷：什麼是綠色行銷 Green Marketing: What is Green Marketing】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n_kf7bpOk00 ⭐️ TPO 27 原色 Primary Colors 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【原色是紅色、黃色和藍色，對吧？其實不完全是 Primary Colors are Red, Yellow and Blue, Right? Not Exactly】： https://science.howstuffworks.com/primary-colors.htm ✅聽力練習【真正的原色The Real Primary Colors】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oEBoTHyasG8 ⭐️ TPO 27 小提琴 Violins 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【小提琴和中提琴的區別是什麼 What are the Differences Between a Violin and a Viola】： https://blog.codabow.com/news/viola-v-violin/ ✅聽力練習【關於小提琴的一切 Everything About Violins】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ObHKDkjIe-Q ⭐️ TPO 29 回響 Reverberation 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【超音波影像偽影解釋 Ultrasound Image Artifacts Explained】： https://www.nysora.com/news/ultrasound-image-artifacts-explained/ ✅聽力練習【超音波偽影（回響偽影） Ultrasound Artifacts (Reverberation Artifacts)】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SyYkOglVVLo ⭐️ TPO 30 吉他 Guitar 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【貝斯與吉他：差異、困難以及哪個適合你 Bass vs Guitar: Differences, Difficulties and Which is Right For You 】： https://www.fender.com/articles/instruments/bass-vs-guitar ✅聽力練習【原聲吉他與電吉他：哪種吉他適合初學者？ Acoustic vs Electric Guitars: Which Guitar is Right For Beginners?】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=E3vjSbzyYjM&t=58s ⭐️ TPO 31 古希臘音樂與柏拉圖 Ancient Greek Music & Plato 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【柏拉圖論音樂 Plato on Music】： https://www.popularbeethoven.com/plato-on-music/#:~:text=Plato%20concludes%20that%20music%20can,motion%20and%20a%20humming%20noise. ✅聽力練習【古希臘的音樂與創造力 Music and Creativity in Ancient Greece】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-1aAunaw1GA ⭐️TPO 32 歐文和六角屋 Irwin & Hexagonal House 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【哈里特·莫里森·歐文 Irwin, Harriet Morrison】： https://ncarchitects.lib.ncsu.edu/people/P000547 ✅聽力練習【六角形房屋 Hexagonal Houses】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ktjwxa9F5sI ⭐️TPO 34 達達藝術 Dada Art 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【什麼是達達主義、達達藝術或達達主義者 What is Dadaism, Dada Art, or a Dadaist】： https://magazine.artland.com/what-is-dadaism/ ✅聽力練習【8 分鐘了解達達主義：一切都可以是藝術嗎 Dadaism in 8 Minutes: Can Everything be Art】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U4WlTijUNc0 ⭐️TPO 35 印刷對音樂的影響 Printing's Effect on Music 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【樂譜印刷 Music Printing】： https://opentext.uoregon.edu/payforplay/chapter/chapter-3-a-brief-history-of-music-printing-and-publishing/#:~:text=Music%20printing%20not%20only%20spread,portable%20and%20reproducible%20musical%20product. ✅聽力練習【文藝復興時期的樂譜印刷 Music Printing in the Renaissance】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3FL8cAROIMc ⭐️TPO 36 房間裡的聲音 Sound in a Room 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【透過了解室內聲學來改善你的聲音 Improve Your Sound By Understanding Room Acoustics】： https://usabilitygeek.com/improve-sound-understanding-room-acoustics/ ✅聽力練習【聲音在房間裡如何運作 How Sounds Works in Rooms】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JPYt10zrclQ&t=11s ⭐️TPO 37 畫 Painting 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【畫 Painting】： https://www.britannica.com/art/painting/Elements-of-design ✅聽力練習【藝術美學與哲學：導論 Aesthetics and Philosophy of Art: Introduction】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MF8kz-mTIp4&t=508s ⭐️TPO 40 需要一種特殊的方法來呈現藝術品的訊息 A Particular Approach is Required to Present Information About an Artwork 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【藝術中的主題：它對藝術家的評價Subject Matter in Art: What it Says About the Artist】： https://sparksgallery.com/learn/subject-matter-in-art ✅聽力練習【誰決定藝術的意義？Who Decides What Art Means?】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HoXyw909Qu0 ⭐️TPO 41 文藝復興時期藝術的創作方式 The Way That Art was Created During the Renaissance 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【文藝復興藝術：歷史、特徵與例子 Renaissance Art: History, Characteristics, and Examples】： https://www.masterclass.com/articles/renaissance-art-guide ✅聽力練習【文藝復興時期的藝術家是如何訓練的 How Renaissance Artists Were Trained】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xTDVz4y6f5Q ⭐️TPO 42 討論古典希臘羅馬雕像在古代的樣子 To Discuss How Classical Greek and Roman Statues Looked in Ancient Times 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【古典雕塑中的白色神話 The Myth of Whiteness in Classical Sculpture】： https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2018/10/29/the-myth-of-whiteness-in-classical-sculpture ✅聽力練習【關於羅馬雕像的虛假陳述 The White Lie We've Been Told About Roman Statues】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4jmMWohs1XM ⭐️TPO 44 古希臘劇場的設計 The Design of Ancient Greek Theaters 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【希臘劇院建築 Greek Theatre Architecture】： https://www.worldhistory.org/article/895/greek-theatre-architecture/ ✅聽力練習【古希臘劇院 - 零件和機械 The Ancient Greek Theatre- Parts and Machinery】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4_XPcAwmuLg ⭐️TPO 45 文藝復興時期用於製作現實藝術作品的技術 Techniques Used During The Renaissance to Produce Realistic Works of Art 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【文藝復興時期繪畫的色彩和技巧 Colors and Techniques in Renaissance Painting】： https://www.worldhistory.org/article/1628/colour--technique-in-renaissance-painting/ ✅聽力練習【藝術鑑賞班：文藝復興時期 Art Appreciation Class: Renaissance Period】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7KClA7mXLvE ⭐️TPO 46 在早期繪畫中使用藍色的困難 Difficulties Using the Color Blue in Early Paintings 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【藍色顏料在藝術中的 6000 年歷史 The 6,000-Year History of Blue Pigment in Art】： https://www.artsy.net/article/artsy-editorial-a-brief-history-of-blue ✅聽力練習【History of Color: Blue】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wnnVEadV188 ⭐️TPO 46 關於肖像畫偏好的理論 Theories About a Preference in Portrait Painting 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【肖像畫簡史 A Very Brief History of Portrait Painting】： https://artistchristinacarmel.com/blog/a-very-brief-history-of-portrait-painting#:~:text=Portrait%20paintings%20date%20back%20to,representation%20of%20a%20specific%20person%E2%80%9D. ✅聽力練習【肖像畫的解析 Portrait Painting Broken Down】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8eM0RggkwfA ⭐️TPO 48 L1: 美國20世紀的攝影 20th Century Photography in the United States 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【20世紀初攝影概論An Introduction to Photography in the Early 20th Century】： https://smarthistory.org/an-introduction-to-photography-in-the-early-20th-century/ ✅聽力練習【貝熱尼絲·阿博特：20 世紀的觀點，1992 年 Berenice Abbott: A View of the 20th Century, 1992】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oZHhVQQNsyA ⭐️TPO 51 插畫家的作品具有藝術和科學意義的方式 The Way in Which an Illustrator's Work has Both Artistic and Scientific Significance 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【利用藝術和插圖的力量傳播科學 Using the Power of Art and Illustration to Communicate Science】： https://www.neuroscienceof.com/human-nature-blog/neuroanatomy-art-radhika-patnala-interview ✅聽力練習【科學插畫家放棄科技事業換取藝術 Science Illustrator Trades Tech Career For Art】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=INOuaHZ-WPc ⭐️TPO 52 讓學生為即將到來的專案做好準備 To Prepare Students For an Upcoming Project 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【為學生的未來做好準備：統計數據和提示 Preparing Students for the Future: Statistics & Tips】： https://www.smartlablearning.com/preparing-students-for-the-future-real-world/ ✅聽力練習【輕鬆解釋：批判性思維 Casually Explained: Critical Thinking】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qMrnVkDH2Ak ⭐️TPO 53 早期有聲電影中對聲音使用的不同觀點 Conflicting Views on Uses of Sound During The Early Days of Sound Films 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【從無聲電影到有聲電影過渡的簡短歷史 A Very Short History of the Transition from Silent to Sound Movies】： https://www.wonderstruckthebook.com/essay_silent-to-sound.htm ✅聽力練習【早期有聲電影的奇異世界 The Strange World of Early Sound Films】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FiuA5BfK6eM ⭐️TPO 54 檢查使特定戲劇作品與早期作品區分開來的元素 To Examine Elements That Set a Particular Theatrical Production Apart from Earlier Ones 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【什麼是技術劇場？What is Technical Theatre?】： https://www.fbplayhouse.org/blog/2023/3/8/what-is-technical-theatre ✅聽力練習【戲劇與劇場：戲劇元素與劇本簡介 Drama & Theater: Introduction to Theatrical Elements & Plays】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TgA4NC6_r5g ⭐️TPO 56 1940年代末和1950年代美國繪畫的主導運動 A Dominant Movement in the United States Painting in the Late 1940s and the 1950s 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【抽象表現主義 Abstract Expressionism】： https://www.britannica.com/biography/Joan-Mitchell ✅聽力練習【8 分鐘了解抽象表現主義：從「滴水者傑克」到色域 Abstract Expressionism in 8 Minutes: From 'Jack The Dripper' to Color Fields】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rP9k2xzrgx8 ⭐️TPO 59 十九世紀歐洲藝術：寫實主義 Nineteenth Century European Art: Realism 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【十九世紀歐洲繪畫：主要風格與運動 19th Century European Painting: Key Styles & Movements】： https://www.mayfairgallery.com/blog/19th-century-european-painting-styles-movements/#:~:text=1850%2D1900,with%20France%20and%20French%20painters. ✅聽力練習【十九世紀藝術與文學中的寫實主義 Realism in Art and Literature in the 19th Century】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_GPEE8PdSS0 ⭐️TPO 60 油畫：大多數專業藝術家和愛好者的選擇媒介 Oil paints: The Medium of Choice Among Most Professional Artists and Hobbyists 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【油畫 Oil Painting】： https://www.britannica.com/art/oil-painting ✅聽力練習【如何油畫速成班 A Crash Course on How to Oil Paint】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lKuzi4DGE84 ⭐️TPO 63 繪畫「美國哥德式」Painting American Gothic 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【American Gothic: Grant Wood's Midwestern Mystery】： https://www.christies.com/en/stories/american-gothic-a-midwestern-mystery-37605e6e8e7d4499847f7cf08a09b9fc ✅聽力練習【解讀格蘭特·伍德的《美國哥德式》：偉大畫作背後的故事 Grant Wood's American Gothic Explained : The Story behind Great Paintings】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T7wM5VQQnys ⭐️TPO 65 一幅畫是二維的，畫中的一切或多或少都是平面的事實 The Fact that a Painting was Two-dimensional and Everything was More or Less Flat in a Painting 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【為什麼繪畫過去看起來如此奇怪，以及線性透視如何改變一切 Why Paintings Used to Look So Weird, and How Linear Perspective Changed Everything】： https://www.cbc.ca/arts/why-paintings-used-to-look-so-weird-and-how-linear-perspective-changed-everything-1.5727069 ✅聽力練習【2D 構圖基礎知識 Composition Fundamentals in 2D】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0LrjLJ2pEnM ⭐️TPO 70 畫家如何能夠在任何光線下顯示細節：感知動態範圍 How Painters are Able to Show Details in Any Kind of Light: Perceptual Dynamic Range 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【在嘗試繪畫之前學會觀察和解釋光 Learn to See and Interpret Light, Before Attempting to Paint it】： https://www.outdoorpainter.com/painting-landscapes-seeing-light/ ✅聽力練習【視覺感知－它是如何運作的 Visual Perception – How It Works】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DU3IiqUWGcU 文學 ⭐️ TPO 04 L4: 拉爾夫·沃爾多·愛默生的散文 Emerson's Essay 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【拉爾夫·沃爾多·愛默生 Ralph Waldo Emerson 】： https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-tw/%E6%8B%89%E5%B0%94%E5%A4%AB%C2%B7%E6%B2%83%E5%B0%94%E5%A4%9A%C2%B7%E7%88%B1%E9%BB%98%E7%94%9F ✅聽力練習【拉爾夫·沃爾多·愛默生的《自立》 Self-Reliance by Ralph Waldo Emerson】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-pEhC3345JE ⭐️ TPO 05 L4: 民間故事和童話故事 Folk Tales and Fairy Tales 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【童話故事與民間故事。有什麼區別？Fairy Tales vs. Folktales: What’s the Difference? 】： https://www.masterclass.com/articles/fairy-tales-vs-folktales-whats-the-difference-plus-fairy-tale-writing-prompts ✅聽力練習【傳統文學：民間故事、童話和寓言Traditional Literature: Folktales, Fairytales, and Fables】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eaVh8yGbXNc ⭐️ TPO 06 L3: 創造虛構的人物 To create fictional characters 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【如何養成小說中的人物：角色養成的8個技巧】： https://www.masterclass.com/articles/how-to-develop-fictional-characters ✅聽力練習【創造迷人的角色 Creating Captivating Characters】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hrkY3WrJ_v8 ⭐️ TPO 20 L3: 不同類型的民間故事 Different Types of folktale 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【什麼是民間故事？ What are Folktales?】： https://study.com/learn/lesson/folktale-characteristics-types.html ✅聽力練習【民間故事的種類】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7baRK_ioxhA ⭐️TPO 43 L3: 蘇斯博士的文學和藝術方法 The literary and artistic approach of Theodor Seuss Geisel 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【蘇斯博士 Dr. Seuss 】： https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dr._Seuss ✅聽力練習【蘇斯博士：真正的蘇斯博士 Theodor Seuss Geisel: The Real Dr. Seuss】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Sz4U_fGXH0c ⭐️ TPO 47 L1: 《艾那尼》Hernani 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【《艾那尼》戲劇 Hernani (drama)】： https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hernani_(drama) ✅聽力練習【雨果的《艾那尼》Hernani by Victor Hugo read by | Full Audio Book】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K5EebH-arH8 ⭐️ TPO 50 L3: 強調寫實主義的原因和特色 To highlight realism's causes and characteristics 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【寫實主義 realism】： https://www.britannica.com/art/realism-art ✅聽力練習【寫實主義的特徵 The Characteristics of Realism】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Kh6tC2qp9Zg

社會學 ⭐️TPO 02 亞里斯多德與幸福 Aristotle and Happiness 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【幸福人生的哲學（+亞里斯多德的觀點）The Philosophy of Happiness in Life (+ Aristotle's View)】： https://positivepsychology.com/philosophy-of-happiness/#:~:text=To%20summarise%20from%20Pursuit%20of,was%20the%20exercise%20of%20virtue. ✅聽力練習【亞里斯多德：如何快樂 Aristotle: How to Be Happy】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HaMdn9x8tkI ⭐️TPO 05 迷因 Meme 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【迷因的意義和歷史 The Meaning and History of Memes】： https://www.nytimes.com/2022/01/26/crosswords/what-is-a-meme.html ✅聽力練習【迷因的歷史是什麼？What is the History of Memes?】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xmZx2Fgfc4Q&t=32s ⭐️TPO 08 視力矯正的發展 Development in Vision Correction 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【視力矯正手術的創新 Innovations in Vision Correction Surgery】： https://www.uoosd.com/correction-surgery-innovations ✅聽力練習【為什麼現在這麼多人需要眼鏡 Why so many people need glasses now】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LAkFtka3UFw ⭐️TPO 22 國家形成 State Formation 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【】： ✅聽力練習【】： ⭐️TPO 30 後設認知 Metacognition 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【】： ✅聽力練習【】： ⭐️TPO 37 馬的馴化 Horse domestication 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【】： ✅聽力練習【】： ⭐️TPO 49 蒙特梭利教學法如何促進兒童發展 How the Montessori Method facilitates children's development 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【】： ✅聽力練習【】： ⭐️TPO 61 社會學：一個包含生物學、心理學和其他科學元素的跨學科領域 Sociology: a cross-disciplinary field with elements of biology, psychology and other sciences 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【】： ✅聽力練習【】： ⭐️TPO 62 一位名叫貝爾斯的社會學家所做的研究 A study done by a sociologist named Bales 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【】： ✅聽力練習【】：心理學 ⭐️ TPO 02 L2: 行為主義 Behaviorism 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【什麼是行為主義 What Is Behaviorism?】： https://www.verywellmind.com/behavioral-psychology-4157183 ✅聽力練習【行為主義：巴夫洛夫、華生和史金納 Behaviorism: Pavlov, Watson, and Skinner】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xvVaTy8mQrg ⭐️ TPO 10 L4: 童年失憶症 Childhood Amnesia 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【童年失憶症 Childhood Amnesia】： https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Childhood_amnesia ✅聽力練習【為什麼人無法記住自己出生的時候呢？Why Can't People Remember Being Born?】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2wcn1KXKlfA ⭐️ TPO 14 L1: 知覺 Perception 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【知覺 Perception】： https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perception ✅聽力練習【感覺和知覺：心理學速成班 Sensation and Perception: Crash Course Psychology】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=unWnZvXJH2o ⭐️ TPO 15 L1: 認知錯誤問卷 The Cognitive Failures Questionnaire 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【認知錯誤和意外 Cognitive failures and accidents】： https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/acp.2350040405 ✅聽力練習【以認知的原因了解我們為什麼會忘記 COGNITIVE REASONS FOR WHY WE FORGET:】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KzUoadGCVmg ⭐️ TPO 28 L1: 基礎主義理論 Foundationalism 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【基礎主義理論 Foundationalism】： https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foundationalism ✅聽力練習【什麼是基礎主義理論 What is Foundationalism?】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3znMajU8hM0 ⭐️ TPO 43 L2: 概數感 Approximate Number Sense 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【概數感 Approximate Number Sense】： https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Approximate_number_system ✅聽力練習【數感是否就代表了數字？ Does the number sense represent number?】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l2h2skyUXV4 ⭐️ TPO 65 L2: 心理彈性 Psychological resilience 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【心理彈性 Psychological resilience】： https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psychological_resilience ✅聽力練習【什麼是心理彈性？What is PSYCHOLOGICAL RESILIENCE? 】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7OF5_rT6tQw 管理學 ⭐️ TPO 47 L3: 指出成為教練的一些障礙，例如人際關係 Identifying some obstacles to be coach such as relationships 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【克服最棘手常見的教練挑戰 Overcoming the Toughest Common Coaching Challenges】： https://hbr.org/2015/04/overcoming-the-toughest-common-coaching-challenges ✅聽力練習【人際關係技術的應用Relationship Coaching Techniques In Action 】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d6LmlWpW-AQ

歷史 TPO 01 Catalhoyuk TPO 01 Spices TPO 07 Iroquois People and Birch Tree TPO 10 Introduction of American Food to Europe TPO 14 Passage Graves TPO 17 Calendar System of Ancient Egypt TPO 23 Antikythera (Mechanism) TPO 24 Megafauna in North America TPO 28 Gonur-depe TPO 29 Clovis Culture TPO 32 Bananas and African History TPO 33 Pyramids of Egypt TPO 36 Maya's Decline TPO 48 Reasons that business leaders gained political power in the late nineteenth-century United States TPO 50 New information about glass production and use in ancient Egypt TPO 51 How a number system spread from one society to another TPO 53 To trace the historical development of tea drinking around the world TPO 57 18th century plays in Europe and the United States 人類學 ⭐️TPO 04 L4: 邦聯政府 Federal Government 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【美國邦聯政府維基百科】： https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-tw/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9C%8B%E8%81%AF%E9%82%A6%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C ✅聽力練習【美國政府的權力分立 - 貝琳達史達茲曼 (Belinda Stutzman)】: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HuFR5XBYLfU ⭐️TPO 30 L2: 育兒行為 Parenting Behavior 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【鳥類的親代撫育 Parental care in birds】： https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parental_care_in_birds ✅聽力練習【動物的親代撫養 Animal Parental Care | FuseSchool】: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9KnTCIBksEI ⭐️TPO 31 L4: 波泰人和馬 The Botai People & Horses The Botai People & Horses 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【波泰文化 Botai culture】： https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Botai_culture ✅聽力練習【最早騎馬的人 | 歐亞草原上的馬匹馴化 The First Horse Riders | Horse Domestication on the Eurasian Steppe】: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AMHqp0M0T4Q 語言學 ⭐️TPO 09 L4: 人類語言的特色 Features of Human Language 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【人類語言特徵 Characteristics Of Human Language】: https://englishfinders.com/characteristics-of-language/ ✅聽力練習【人類語言特徵 - 語言和語言學 Characteristics of Human Language - By Language & Linguistics】: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6zBRMizj1Ls ⭐️TPO 19 L1: 原始印歐語系 Proto-Indo-European 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【原始印歐語系Proto-Indo-European language】： https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proto-Indo-European_language ✅聽力練習【印歐語系的關係 The Indo-European Connection】: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SqK7XXvfiXs ⭐️TPO 20 L1: 會話公理 Gricean Maxims 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【交談會話原則 Cooperative principle 】： https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cooperative_principle ✅聽力練習【語言學簡介 Introduction to Linguistics】: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CGJGIWqnSFY 哲學 ⭐️ TPO 56 C1: 主修哲學的工作問題 The job’s problem of majoring in philosophy 📖參考連結: ✅【哲學學位能做的工作是什麼呢? What Can You Do With a Degree in Philosophy?】： https://www.gmercyu.edu/academics/learn/philosophy-major-jobs ✅聽力練習【哲學學位能做的工作是什麼呢? What can you do with a philosophy degree?】: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1qjuhF-sw_w 考古學 ⭐️ TPO 17 L1: 使用地層學來年代測定 Using Stratigraphy to Date 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【地層學 Stratigraphy】： https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stratigraphy ✅聽力練習【地層學 Stratigraphy】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6w_TJS5j01M ⭐️ TPO 44 L3: 證實農業在新幾內亞獨立發展的理論 Evidence supporting the theory that agriculture developed independently in New Guinea 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【巴布亞新幾內亞人是世界上最早的農民之一 Papua New Guineans among world's first farmers】： https://www.abc.net.au/science/articles/2003/06/20/883719.htm ✅聽力練習【為什麼農業在巴布亞新幾內亞十分重要？ Why is agriculture important in Papua New Guinea?】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=S1S4H4wFzjE ⭐️ TPO 49 L4: 陶器幫助我們在時間上對事物進行排序，並且能鑑定相對的時代 Pottery helps us order things in time to assign relative dates 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【從陶器中學習，第一部分：年代測定Learning from Pottery, Part 1: Dating】： https://www.archaeologysouthwest.org/2011/11/18/learning-from-pottery-part-1-dating/ ✅聽力練習【洛里博士的如何解碼陶器側標 How to Decode Pottery Marks by Dr. Lori】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HjN0Em62LIc ⭐️ TPO 52 L4: 對有關古代瑪雅文明衰落的普遍觀點提出質疑 To call into question a common view about the decline of ancient Mayan civilization 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【這就是瑪雅人放棄他們的城市的原因 This is Why the Maya Abandoned Their Cities】： https://www.history.com/news/why-did-the-maya-abandon-their-cities ✅聽力練習【瑪雅文明為什麼會殞落呢？Why did the Maya civilization collapse?】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SxwxTgFVUDE ⭐️ TPO 54 L4: μ介子探測器可以為考古學家提供的好處 Benefits that muon detectors can provide to archaeologists 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【探測μ介子 DETECTING MUONS】： https://cms.cern/detector/detecting-muons ✅聽力練習【 μ介子探測 Muon Detecting】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uS8TC29xkns ⭐️ TPO 63 L3: 蘇美語 Sumerian Language 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【蘇美語 Sumerian Language】： https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumerian_language ✅聽力練習【關於蘇美語 About the Sumerian language】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EUXIPElqJZ4 ⭐️ TPO 70 柯普法則：化石譜系 Cope's Rule: fossil lineages 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【柯普法則 Cope's rule】： https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cope%27s_rule ✅聽力練習【柯普法則人類演化 Cope's Rule Human Evolution】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fkK37JxR8oE

⭐️TPO 06 繁榮與蕭條 Boom and Bust 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【繁榮與蕭條週期：定義、運作方式與歷史 Booms and Bust Cycle: Definition, How it Works, and History】： https://www.investopedia.com/terms/b/boom-and-bust-cycle.asp#toc-understanding-the-boom-and-bust-cycle ✅聽力練習【經濟週期：繁榮與蕭條 Business Cycles: Boom and Bust】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rNU3ezk_OmM ⭐️TPO 11 廣告 Advertising 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【What Types of Advertisements are Still Relevant?】： https://mailchimp.com/resources/advertisements/?ds_c=DEPT_AOC_Google_Search_ROW_EN_NB_Acquire_Broad_DSA-Rsrc_T3&ds_kids=p80322579832&ds_a_lid=dsa-2227026702184&ds_cid=71700000119083209&ds_agid=58700008729598093&gad_source=1&gclid=Cj0KCQjww5u2BhDeARIsALBuLnOblflbCbv2yCgwZ6-U-Wgz6Zc10E4K0YJOXswjWTONq8rxqnzdJyoaAuNMEALw_wcB&gclsrc=aw.ds ✅聽力練習【廣告如何讓我們購買我們不需要的垃圾 How Commercials Get Us To Buy Crap We Don't Need】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Urny4oFBbto ⭐️TPO 12 走動式管理 MBWA 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【停下、看、聽：有效走動式管理的四個步驟 Stop, Look, Listen: Four Steps to Effective MBWA】： https://www.renoirgroup.com/articles/generic/stop-look-listen-four-steps-to-effective-management-by-walking-about-mbwa/#:~:text=Management%20by%20Walking%20About%20(MBWA)%20is%20a%20technique%20whereby%20managers,strong%20relationships%20through%20informal%20conversations. ✅聽力練習【復甦走動式管理 Managing by Wandering Around Resurrected】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Od7QavBhoZM ⭐️TPO 34 轉卡 Product Change 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【什麼是轉卡？What is a Product Change and Should You Do One?】： https://www.forbes.com/advisor/credit-cards/product-change/ ✅聽力練習【如何以正確的方式更換信用卡 How to Product Change Credit Cards the RIGHT WAY】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NGH9ds1alnc ⭐️TPO 40 將某些公共資產轉讓給營利公司 The transfer of certain public assets to for-profit companies 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【Privatization: What it is, How it Works, and Examples】： https://www.investopedia.com/terms/p/privatization.asp ✅聽力練習【營利性公司如何（並且應該）促進社會變革 How For-Profit Companies Can (And Should) Catalyze Social Change】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L97MHJQ6pJI ⭐️TPO 42 制定解決服務故障的計畫的重要性 The importance of having a plan to address service failures. 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【服務恢復：定義、重要性和最佳實踐 Service Recovery: Definition, Importance & Best Practices】： https://www.bolddesk.com/learn/service-recovery#:~:text=Boosts%20customer%20retention%3A%20Addressing%20service,for%20the%20company%20over%20time. ✅聽力練習【成功的服務恢復的三個步驟是什麼？What are the Three Steps for a Successful Service Recovery?】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uKM5g_yeGTc ⭐️TPO 58 企業管理 Business management 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【什麼是企業管理？如何成為優秀的企業管理者 What is Business Management? How to be a Good Business Manager】： https://emeritus.org/in/learn/what-is-business-management/ ✅聽力練習【企業管理簡介 A short introduction to Business Management】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a-uPznyA7Hw ⭐️TPO 64 國際貿易 International trade 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【國際貿易 International trade】： https://www.investopedia.com/insights/what-is-international-trade/ ✅聽力練習【國際貿易解析 International Trade Explained】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HfN8BnRJryQ

環境 TPO 13 Pedestrian Mall TPO 40 Problems related to the overfishing of cod TPO 40 To show the importance of distinguishing between different types of carbon emissions TPO 41 Different ways that plants have adapted to desert environments TPO 42 How fungi can clean up pollution that is in the soil TPO 52 Interactions that take place within a North American forest ecosystem TPO 53 The source and treatment of a serious type of pollution affecting the Chesapeake Bay TPO 58 The common theories on bird migration: homing TPO 59 Aleutian Islands: grasslands on some of the islands have disappeared TPO 59 Mass wasting: a geological term for movements of land TPO 63 A field trip to Bryce canyon national park: weathering and erosion processes 生物學 TPO 49 Adaptation that enable reindeer live in cold climates TPO 50 history of biological classification TPO 51 the ancestor of a modern crop TPO 54 zooplankton TPO 57 The Galapagos Islands: unusual plants and animals that have evolved on some remote ocean islands TPO 60 Equilibrium theory of island biogeography TPO 64 One type of lizard: the Hela monster TPO 65 What do these terms cold and warm blooded mean? TPO 66 Biology of sleep TPO 66 The topic of fish movement: the role of fins TPO 67 Different types of feeding behavior

地球科學 ⭐️TPO 10 磷循環 Phosphorus cycle 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【磷循環 Phosphorus cycle】： https://swroc.cfans.umn.edu/research/soil-water/phosphorus-cycle#:~:text=The%20Phosphorus%20Cycle%20is%20the,living%20and%20dead%20organic%20material. ✅聽力練習【磷循環的步驟 Phosphorus Cycle Steps】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Wzo-uFS7LUA ⭐️TPO 11 濕地與氣候 Wetland and climate 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【什麼是濕地以及它們如何幫助應對氣候變遷？What are wetlands and how do they help with climate change?】： https://www.zurich.com/media/magazine/2022/why-we-should-care-about-and-protect-our-wetlands ✅聽力練習【生態系的相互作用—濕地 Interactions in Ecosystems – Wetlands】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xIJb9BRsLvg ⭐️TPO 12 太陽能為何沒有廣泛應用 Why solar energy is not widely used 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【太陽能的黑暗面 The dark side of solar energy】： https://hbr.org/2021/06/the-dark-side-of-solar-power ✅聽力練習【太陽能為何變得如此便宜，以及為什麼它還沒有普及（還沒無處不在）How solar energy got so cheap, and why it's not everywhere (yet)】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sUvaYycoWqI ⭐️TPO 13 海狸和濕地 Beaver and wetland 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【海狸如何復興濕地 How beavers are reviving wetlands】： https://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-64502365 ✅聽力練習【海狸對北美沙漠濕地復育的影響 The Impact of Beavers on Desert Wetland Restoration in Northern America】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IseoroTZAPM ⭐️TPO 15 地質時期 Geologic Time Periods 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【地質時代介紹 Geologic time introduction】： https://kids.britannica.com/students/article/geologic-time/627998 ✅聽力練習【什麼是地質年標？What Is The Geologic Time Scale?】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XMjkO72KVjE ⭐️TPO 16 列楚基耶洞穴：地下寶石 Lechuguilla cave 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【列楚基耶洞穴：地下寶石 Lechuguilla cave: Jewel of the Underground】： https://www.geologyin.com/2016/10/lechuguilla-cave-jewel-of-underground.html ✅聽力練習【開始探洞 - 洞穴入門指南 Getting Started Caving - An Introduction to Caves】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uGRT09Iu2mk ⭐️TPO 17 米蘭科維奇假說 Milankovitch hypothesis 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【米蘭科維奇（軌道）週期及其在地球氣候中的作用 Milankovitch (Orbital) Cycles and Their Role in Earth's Climate】： https://science.nasa.gov/science-research/earth-science/milankovitch-orbital-cycles-and-their-role-in-earths-climate/ ✅聽力練習【米蘭科維奇週期對地球的影響 What Milankovitch Cycles Will Do To Earth】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=01aFP88qfQs ⭐️TPO 20 間冰期 Interglacial periods 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【間冰期 - 維基百科 Interglacial- Wiki】： https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interglacial#:~:text=An%20interglacial%20period%20(or%20alternatively,Pleistocene%2C%20about%2011%2C700%20years%20ago. ✅聽力練習【冰期和間冰期的成因 The Cause of Glacial and Interglacial Periods】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SAXBMAQ_YGw ⭐️TPO 21 軟體開發 Software Development 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【什麼是軟體開發？What is Software Development?】： https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/what-is-software-development/ ✅聽力練習【軟體開發生命週期簡介 Introduction To Software Development LifeCycle】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Fi3_BjVzpqk ⭐️TPO 23 地球能源預算 Earth Energy Budget 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【能源預算 The Energy Budget】： https://scied.ucar.edu/learning-zone/how-climate-works/energy-budget ✅聽力練習【地球能源預算的來龍去脈 Ins and Outs of Earth's Energy Budget】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=90jKRKDMMQc ⭐️TPO 29 碳奈米管 Carbon Nanotubes 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【碳奈米管帶來的五項創新 Five Innovations Made Possible With Carbon Nanotubes】： https://www.northropgrumman.com/what-we-do/advanced-technology-and-innovation/five-innovations-made-possible-with-carbon-nanotubes ✅聽力練習【重新審視碳奈米管將如何改變再生能源 Revisiting How Carbon Nanotubes Will Change Renewable Energy】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QEAmTvan0EU ⭐️TPO 29 土壤多樣性 Pedodiversity 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【土壤生物多樣性：貢獻與威脅 Soil Biodiversity: Contributions and Threats】： https://www.decadeonrestoration.org/stories/soil-biodiversity-contributions-and-threats ✅聽力練習【土壤基礎知識：土壤剖面 Soil Basics: Soil Profiles】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xoTd7ctj-e0 ⭐️TPO 31 構造板塊的運動 Movement of Tectonic Plates 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【板塊構造 Plate Tectonics】： https://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/article/plate-tectonics#:~:text=The%20movement%20of%20the%20plates,to%20five%20centimeters)%20per%20year. ✅聽力練習【什麼是構造板塊？我們的地球及其運動 What Are Tectonic Plates? Our Earth and Its Movements】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vxmoxDznXe4 ⭐️TPO 32 銅盆地 The Copper Basin 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【銅盆地 The Copper Basin】： https://www.gamineral.org/writings/copperbasin-cochran.html#:~:text=The%20original%20deposition%20of%20rock,of%20the%20ores%20were%20deposited. ✅聽力練習【銅盆地 The Copper Basin】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ue4mNwhc0Rw ⭐️TPO 33 科羅拉多河流域 Colorado River Basin 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【科羅拉多河上游流域 Upper Basin of the Colorado River】： https://www.americanrivers.org/river/upper-basin-of-the-colorado-river/ ✅聽力練習【沒有足夠的水流通：遭受乾旱蹂躪的科羅拉多河流域，計劃迎接更乾旱的未來 Not enough water to go around: Colorado River Basin, ravaged by drought, plans for a drier future】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gmeWydWm2MU ⭐️TPO 34 管理廢棄物 Managing wastes 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【什麼是廢棄物管理－為什麼如此重要？What is Waste Management-And Why is it So Important?】： https://blog.cleanhub.com/what-is-waste-management ✅聽力練習【新加坡如何解決嚴重的垃圾問題 How Singapore fixed its big trash problem】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r-q5V6LDxEY ⭐️TPO 37 土壤中的水 Water in the soil 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【土壤中的水 Water in soil】： https://pinova-meteo.com/en/blog/water-in-soil ✅聽力練習【土壤中的水分運動 Water Movement in Soil】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vmo0FRAVgkM ⭐️TPO 44 提供奈米科技實際應用的例子 Provide an example of a practical use of nanotechnology 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【奈米技術：大問題的小解決方案 Nanotechnology: a small solution to big problems】： https://www.iberdrola.com/innovation/nanotechnology-applications#:~:text=Some%20nanoparticles%20have%20also%20been,pharmaceutical%20products%20such%20as%20sunscreen.&text=Air%20purification%20with%20ions%2C%20wastewater,of%20its%20environmentally%2Dfriendly%20applications. ✅聽力練習【奈米技術實際應用的 7 個令人驚奇的日常例子 7 Amazing Everyday Examples Of Nanotechnology In Action】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OFV5hqIXSRI ⭐️TPO 46 銅的一些重要特性 Some important attributes of copper 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【金屬及其性質：銅 Metals and Their Properties: Copper】： https://www.morecambemetals.co.uk/what-are-the-properties-of-copper/ ✅聽力練習【銅的意義、好處和精神屬性 Copper Meaning Benefits and Spiritual Properties】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0sQo5vhBBFk ⭐️TPO 61 對無咖啡因咖啡的需求類型 The sort of need or demand for decaffeinated coffee 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【關於無咖啡因咖啡您需要了解的一切 Everything You Need to Know About Decaf Coffee】： https://mtpak.coffee/2021/03/short-guide-to-decaffeinated-coffee/ ✅聽力練習【無咖啡因咖啡比較健康嗎？Is Decaf Coffee Healthier?】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zhkwQ0SMcvc 理化類 ⭐️TPO 08 L4: 元素週期表 The Periodic Table of Elements 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【元素週期表 Periodic table】： https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Periodic_table ✅聽力練習【元素週期表：化學速成班 The Periodic Table: Crash Course Chemistry】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0RRVV4Diomg ⭐️TPO 43 L4: 無線電波和聲波的差異 The difference between radio waves and sound waves 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【無線電波和聲波的差異 Difference Between Radio Waves and Sound Waves】： https://pediaa.com/difference-between-radio-waves-and-sound-waves/ ✅聽力練習【物理教育：解釋聲波和無線電波計算方式 Physics Education: Sound & Radio Wave Calculations Explained】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OdpVee5Meik ⭐️TPO 45 L3: 不同類型的混合物特徵 Characteristics of different types of mixtures 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【什麼是混合物？ What is a Mixture?】： https://byjus.com/chemistry/mixtures/ ✅聽力練習【混合物的種類 Types of mixtures】： https://www.khanacademy.org/science/ap-chemistry-beta/x2eef969c74e0d802:intermolecular-forces-and-properties/x2eef969c74e0d802:solutions-and-mixtures/v/types-of-mixtures ⭐️TPO 52 L3: 雪花的特徵 The characteristic of snowflakes 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【雪花 Snowflake】： https://www.metoffice.gov.uk/weather/learn-about/weather/types-of-weather/snow/snowflake ✅聽力練習【雪花的科學原理 The Science of Snowflakes】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fUot7XSX8uA 科技 ⭐️ TPO 21 L2: 軟體研發 Software Development 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【軟體錯誤 Software bug】： https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Software_bug ✅聽力練習【實際軟體工程遇到錯誤的例子 Examples of Real Software Engineering Bugs】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C2kyxaQaXKc 氣象學 ⭐️ TPO 47 L4: 風在調節地球氣候中的作用 The role of wind in regulating Earth's climate 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【風 Wind】： https://education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/wind ✅聽力練習【風是什麼？What is Wind?】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RzSqhrn2dDM ⭐️ TPO 52 L3: 雪花的特徵 The characteristic of snowflakes 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【雪花 Snowflake】： https://www.metoffice.gov.uk/weather/learn-about/weather/types-of-weather/snow/snowflake ✅聽力練習【雪花的科學原理 The Science of Snowflakes】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fUot7XSX8uA ⭐️ TPO 64 L2: 極地大陸氣團 Continental polar air mass 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【極地大陸氣團氣溫低、水分少 Continental Polar Air Masses cold temperatures and little moisture】： http://ww2010.atmos.uiuc.edu/(Gh)/guides/mtr/af/arms/artc.rxml ✅聽力練習【空氣團 Air Masses】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QxvF1nnWRwg 地質學 ⭐️ TPO 48 L2: 熱點理論 Hot-Spot Theory 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【熱點（地質學）Hotspot (geology)】： https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hotspot_(geology) ✅聽力練習【什麼是火山熱點？ (教育性) What is a Volcanic Hotspot? (Educational)】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AhSaE0omw9o ⭐️ TPO 49 L1: 解釋永凍土的過程是如何導致融冰湖的形成 To explain how processes in permafrost lead to the formation of thaw lakes 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【北極阿拉斯加的永凍土和排水湖 Permafrost and Draining Lakes in Arctic Alaska】： https://kids.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/frym.2022.692218 ✅聽力練習【永凍土 - 它是什麼呢？ Permafrost - what is it?】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lxixy1u8GjY ⭐️ TPO 50 L4: 石油產業 The petroleum industry 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【石油產業 The petroleum industry】： https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-tw/%E7%9F%B3%E6%B2%B9%E7%94%A2%E6%A5%AD ✅聽力練習【石油產業概述 | 第一部分 | Overview of the Petroleum Industry | Part 1 |】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zlNybkzlCpo ⭐️ TPO 54 L2: 一個關於北美山脈中的河流發生變化的假說 A hypothesis about rivers in a North American mountain chain have changed 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【北美山脈 North American Cordillera】： https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_American_Cordillera ✅聽力練習【北美地貌如何成形 How North America got its shape】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jzqnUvE66HA

⭐️ TPO 02 L6: 小行星帶的發現 Discovery of Asteroid Belt 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【小行星帶：事實與形成 Asteroid Belt: Facts & Formation】： https://www.space.com/16105-asteroid-belt.html ✅聽力練習【起源：小行星帶 Origin of the Asteroid Belt】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5UUrDEDxtY8 ⭐️ TPO 03 L4: 光譜學 Spectroscopy 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【光譜學 Spectroscopy】： https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spectroscopy ✅聽力練習【光譜學介紹 Introduction to Spectroscopy】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LYseY0y2tgg ⭐️ TPO 05 L3: 南極艾特肯盆地 SPA Basin 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【南極艾特肯盆地 SPA Basin】： https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Pole%E2%80%93Aitken_basin ✅聽力練習【南側的「南極-艾特肯盆地」taking the southern side of "South Pole-Aitken Basin" 】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Zk9e-xE7n0c ⭐️ TPO 13 L4: 隕石 Meteorite 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【隕石 Meteorite】： https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meteorite ✅聽力練習【隕石是什麼？What is a Meteorite?】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Cv82yiksbl8 ⭐️ TPO 14 L3: 航海和航海術 Navigation and Seafaring 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【航海的歷史 History of navigation】： https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_navigation ✅聽力練習【早期水手如何在海洋上導航？How did early Sailors navigate the Oceans?】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4DlNhbkPiYY ⭐️ TPO 18 L1: 太陽黑子 The Sunspot 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【太陽黑子 Sunspot】： https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sunspot ✅聽力練習【什麼是太陽黑子？What Are Sunspots?】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZC2dfDS8g0Q ⭐️ TPO 19 L2: 無線電波和光學波 Radio Waves and Optical Waves 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【光波與無線電波 LIGHT AND RADIO WAVES】： http://teacher.pas.rochester.edu/phy122/lecture_notes/Chapter36/chapter36.html ✅聽力練習【無線電波 Radio Waves 】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ldnh0XlMVc0 ⭐️TPO 21 L1: 地心和日心說 Geocentric & Heliocentric Theory 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【地心說和日心說的差異 Difference Between Geocentric and Heliocentric】： http://www.differencebetween.net/language/words-language/difference-between-geocentric-and-heliocentric/ ✅聽力練習【宇宙的地心說和日心說範例 Geocentric vs Heliocentric Model of the Universe】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=S13Sr-H7TWI ⭐️ TPO 22 L2: 年輕太陽黯淡佯謬 Faint Young Sun Paradox 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【年輕太陽黯淡佯謬 Faint Young Sun Paradox】： https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Faint_young_Sun_paradox ✅聽力練習【年輕太陽黯淡佯謬：太陽風暴可能對地球上的生命起的關鍵作用 The Faint Young Star Paradox: Solar Storms May Have Been Key to Life on Earth】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3qohnUC_JaQ ⭐️ TPO 24 L4: 金星的盾狀火山 Shield Volcanoes on Venus 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【金星上的火山活動 Volcanism on Venus】： https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volcanism_on_Venus ✅聽力練習【在30年前的影像中發現金星上的活火山！Active Volcanoes On Venus Found in 30 Year Old Images!】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Xs5CXaTjAwY ⭐️ TPO 26 L3: 彗星 Comets 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【彗星 Comet】： https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comet ✅聽力練習【什麼是彗星？WHAT IS A COMET?】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=y6LxK6sytAU ⭐️ TPO 30 L3: 黃鉀鐵礬 Jarosite 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【黃鉀鐵礬 Jarosite】： https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jarosite ✅聽力練習【地球上發現的火星礦物黃鉀鐵礬 Martian Mineral Jarosite Found on Earth】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aXR5Wg0N01I ⭐️TPO 41 L4: 具有某些地球特徵的外行星 Exoplanets that share certain characteristics with Earth 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【The 10 most Earth-like exoplanets 十大類地外行星】： https://www.space.com/30172-six-most-earth-like-alien-planets.html ✅聽力練習【15 Earth Like Exoplanets that May Support Life 15個可能孕育生命的類地外行星】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-RCtnrFDWd4 ⭐️TPO 42 L2: 介紹星系團分類系統 To introduce a classification system for galaxy clusters 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【Galaxy classification 星系分類】： https://www.uwa.edu.au/study/-/media/Faculties/Science/Docs/Galaxy-classification.pdf ✅聽力練習【宇宙星系的分類 The Classification Of Galaxies】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BO9KBZaCn28 ⭐️ TPO 51 L4: 解釋為什麼一些人反對日心說 To explain why some people resisted the heliocentric theory 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【日心說 Heliocentrism】： https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heliocentrism ✅聽力練習【地心說和日心說 Heliocentrism and Geocentrism】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZeS8h1t-uMA ⭐️ TPO 53 L4: 探討土星環形成的理論 To discuss theories about the formation of Saturn's rings 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【土星環是如何形成的？How did the rings of Saturn form? 】： https://nineplanets.org/questions/how-did-the-rings-of-saturn-form/ ✅聽力練習【土星是怎麼形成環 How Saturn Got Its Rings 】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6Bv8g5xBJSo ⭐️ TPO 57 L2: 行星和衛星表面的古老地質特徵如何透過痕跡數量判斷年齡 How old geologic features of planets and moons are by the number of marks on the surface 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【月球的地質特徵 Geological Characteristics of the Moon】： https://oxfordre.com/planetaryscience/display/10.1093/acrefore/9780190647926.001.0001/acrefore-9780190647926-e-90;jsessionid=679B53C9E139C7F8EE3F3D0279207E83 ✅聽力練習【月球的地質特徵 Geological Characteristics of the Moon】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6AviDjR9mmo ⭐️ TPO 62 L2: 超新星的衝擊波 The shock waves from supernova 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【超新星震波 A Supernova's Shockwaves】： https://www.nasa.gov/image-feature/a-supernovas-shockwaves ✅聽力練習【哈伯望遠鏡捕捉到進化超新星的三個面貌 Hubble Captures 3 Faces of Evolving Supernova】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LUII8bf9jgw

建築學

工程學

藝術

社會科學

人文科學

經濟學

生命科學

自然科學

天文學