⭐️ TPO 40 R1: 古希臘雅典 Ancient Athens 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【雅典歷史 History of Athens】： https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Athens ✅聽力練習【古雅典人一天的生活 A day in the life of an ancient Athenian】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ar8S6virCwM ⭐️TPO 41 R3: 貿易與早期國家形成 Trade and Early State Formation 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【古代世界中的貿易 Trade in the Ancient World】： https://www.worldhistory.org/collection/39/trade-in-the-ancient-world/ ✅聽力練習【歷史上最古老的商人 Oldest Businessmen in History】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5p6EL-a0v60 ⭐️TPO 43 R1: 亞歷山大大帝的帝國 The Empire of Alexander the Great 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【亞歷山大大帝 Alexander the Great】： https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexander_the_Great ✅聽力練習【亞歷山大大帝 Alexander the Great】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0LsrkWDCvxg ⭐️ TPO 46 R1: 文字的起源 The Origins of Writing 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【文字是如何開始的？Where did writing begin?】： https://www.bl.uk/history-of-writing/articles/where-did-writing-begin ✅聽力練習【文字的歷史 The History of Writing】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HyjLt_RGEww ⭐️ TPO 49 R2: 活字印刷 Movable Type 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【活字印刷 Movable Type】： https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Movable_type ✅聽力練習【活字印刷排版 Movable Typeset】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1kOmdSIpCm4 ⭐️TPO 53 R3: 舊石器時代的洞穴壁畫 Paleolithic Cave Paintings 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【壁畫Cave painting】： https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cave_painting ✅聽力練習【洞穴藝術 Cave Art】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZjejoT1gFOc ⭐️TPO 59 R3: 古希臘陶器 Ancient Greek Pottery 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【古希臘陶器 Pottery of ancient Greece】： https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pottery_of_ancient_Greece ✅聽力練習【古希臘陶器 Ancient Greek Pottery】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pFMZZb7h2HQ ⭐️TPO 61 R2: 地球生命誕生時的條件 Conditions on Earth When Life Began 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【地球早期的生命 Early Life on Earth】： https://naturalhistory.si.edu/education/teaching-resources/life-science/early-life-earth-animal-origins ✅聽力練習【地球生命的完整歷史 The Whole History of the Earth and Life 】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NQ4CUw9RcuA ⭐️TPO 64 R1: 翼龍的特徵 Characteristics of Pterosaurs 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【翼龍 Pterosaurs】： https://ucmp.berkeley.edu/diapsids/pterosauria.html ✅聽力練習【翼龍 Pterosaurs】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mfYuvlE78Nk ⭐️ TPO 65 R2: 早期對空氣的研究 Early Research on Air 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【空氣 air】： https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-tw/%E7%A9%BA%E6%B0%94 ✅聽力練習【空氣中有什麼？What’s in the air you breathe? 】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xEodej_M7TI ⭐️TPO 67 R2: 人類活動與考古紀錄 Human Activity and the Archaeological Record 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【考古學與人類進化 Archaeology and Human Evolution】： https://evolution-outreach.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1007/s12052-010-0246-9 ✅聽力練習【考古學是什麼 What is archaeology】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nvc1xIyntC0

藝術 TPO 01: 戲劇的起源 The Origins Of Theater 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【 Online Guide to the History of Theater 】： https://www.theaterseatstore.com/blog/theater-history-guide ✅聽力練習【What Is Theater? Crash Course Theater #1 】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sNWrOuwzax8 TPO 02: 早期電影院 Early Cinema 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【A very short history of cinema】： https://www.scienceandmediamuseum.org.uk/objects-and-stories/very-short-history-of-cinema ✅聽力練習【A Brief History of Film 】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=utntGgcsZWI&t=4s TPO 03: 建築學 Architecture 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【Architecture through the ages】： https://www.nationaltrust.org.uk/discover/history/architecture/history-of-architecture ✅聽力練習【Architect Breaks Down 5 of the Most Common New York Apartments | Architectural Digest 】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RL7BECNn-RI TPO 04: 歐洲洞穴藝術 Cave Art in Europe 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【cave art 】： https://www.britannica.com/art/cave-art ✅聽力練習【 The Dordogne, France: Lascaux's Prehistoric Cave Paintings - Rick Steves’ Europe Travel Guide 】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UnSq0c7jM-A TPO 10: 中國陶器 Chinese Pottery 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【Chinese Porcelain 】： https://en.unesco.org/silkroad/content/chinese-porcelain ✅聽力練習【The History of Chinese Porcelain 】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FBKxT9Zhtg8 TPO 11: 古埃及雕塑 Ancient Egyptian Sculpture 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【 Egyptian Sculpture 】： https://www.britishmuseum.org/collection/galleries/egyptian-sculpture ✅聽力練習【Ancient Egypt 101 | National Geographic】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hO1tzmi1V5g TPO 12: 電影從無聲到有聲 Transition To Sound In Film 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【 From Silent Films to Talkies An Era of Change within American Cinema 】： https://thelapisucl.wordpress.com/2023/03/31/from-silent-films-to-talkies-an-era-of-change-within-american-cinema/ ✅聽力練習【The Evolution Of Cinema: From Silent Films To Blockbusters 】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VDkJxl7Nk74 TPO 22: 攝影起源The Birth of Photography 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【history of photography 】： https://www.britannica.com/technology/photography ✅聽力練習【The history of photography in 5 minutes 】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JoxGEymA8ro TPO 23: 澳洲原住民的岩石藝術 Rock Art of the Australian Aborigines 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【First rock art 】： https://www.nma.gov.au/defining-moments/resources/first-rock-art ✅聽力練習【The Mystical Discoveries of the Aboriginal Rock Art of Australia 】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CoXlN0KqoCw TPO 27: 古代近東手工藝品 Crafts in the Ancient Near East 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【Ancient Near Eastern Art 】： https://pressbooks.bccampus.ca/cavestocathedrals/part/ancient-near-east/ ✅聽力練習【TICE ART 1010 Ancient Near Eastern and Ancient Egyptian Art 】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=A_8yPgC9zQc TPO 29: 羅馬陶器的特色 Characteristics of Roman Pottery 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【 Classical period (c. 480–c. 330 bce) in pottery in Western pottery 】： https://www.britannica.com/art/pottery/Classical-period-c-480-c-330-bce ✅聽力練習【Ancient Greek Pottery】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pFMZZb7h2HQ TPO 41: 納瓦荷藝術 Navajo Art 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【Navajo Art: Ancient to Modern Techniques 】： https://www.invaluable.com/blog/navajo-art/?srsltid=AfmBOoqzlADVtgSqPIX3iVJmqabtukboilprDsQFpLmASyYFgYIJgIWc ✅聽力練習【Navajo Weaving 】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uqqfJ4hjCCQ TPO 53: 舊石器時代洞穴壁畫 Paleolithic Cave Paintings 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【What Prehistoric Cave Paintings Reveal About Early Human Life 】： https://www.history.com/news/prehistoric-cave-paintings-early-humans ✅聽力練習【Cave Art 101 | National Geographic 】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZjejoT1gFOc&t=42s 音樂 TPO 58 R1: 樂器的發展 The Development of Instrumental Music 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【文藝復興晚期和巴洛克時期的樂器和器樂的發展 The Development of Instruments and Instrumental Music in the Late Renaissance and Baroque Eras】： https://www.123helpme.com/essay/The-Development-of-Instruments-and-Instrumental-Music-255739 ✅聽力練習【文藝復興時期的古典音樂概論 Intro to the Renaissance Period of Classical Music】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UyazCS-FKCU

生物學 TPO 01 Timberline Vegetation On Mountains ✅延伸閱讀【Timberline 】： https://education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/timberline/ ✅聽力練習【Mountain Features 】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YiUL3eJ0FO4 TPO 02 The Origins Of Cetaceans 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【Cetacea, dolphins, porpoises, and whales 】： https://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Cetacea/ ✅聽力練習【Cetaceans, the Giants of the Open Ocean 】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jLdO9MBI7eQ TPO 03 The Long-Term Stability Of Ecosystems 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【Biodiversity and Ecosystem Stability】： https://www.nature.com/scitable/knowledge/library/biodiversity-and-ecosystem-stability-17059965/ ✅聽力練習【Why is biodiversity important - with Sir David Attenborough | The Royal Society 】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GlWNuzrqe7U TPO 04 Deer Populations Of The Puget Sound 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【Puget Sound】： https://www.britannica.com/place/Puget-Sound ✅聽力練習【A Deer Migration You Have to See to Believe | National Geographic 】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BIAyb-1uwTg TPO 05 Minerals And Plants 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【How plants absorb nutrients 】： https://www.rhs.org.uk/advice/understanding-plants/how-plants-absorb-nutrients ✅聽力練習【 Plant Nutrition: Mineral Absorption | Part 1 】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iphOwk3yn10 TPO 05 The Cambrian Explosion 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【What Sparked the Cambrian Explosion?】： https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/what-sparked-the-cambrian-explosion1/ ✅聽力練習【 What caused the Cambrian explosion? 】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qNtQwUO9ff8 TPO 08 Extinction Of The Dinosaurs 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【Why did the dinosaurs go extinct? 】： https://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/article/dinosaur-extinction ✅聽力練習【What Exactly Killed The Dinosaurs? | Earth | BBC Earth Science 】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DGu6ZPyKyJ0 TPO 09 The Arrival Of Plant Life In Hawaii 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【The History and Culture of Hawaiian Botany 】： https://botanicalworld.com/2023/05/24/the-history-and-culture-of-hawaiian-botany/ ✅聽力練習【Explore the Valley Protecting Hawaii’s Ancient Plants 】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ObJHzwu9EWA TPO 11 Begging By Nestlings 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【Nesting Cycle 】： https://nestwatch.org/learn/general-bird-nest-info/nesting-cycle/ ✅聽力練習【Big Brother Eviction Cuckoo Style | Natural World | BBC Earth 】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lgIL8dbSMUA TPO 11 Orientation And Navigation 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【Bird migration is one of nature’s great wonders. Here’s how they do it. 】： https://www.nationalgeographic.com/animals/article/bird-migration-one-of-natures-wonders-heres-how-they-do-it ✅聽力練習【Thousands of Cranes Take Flight in One of Earth's Last Great Migrations | National Geographic 】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=COkT0Rx9gEI TPO 13 Biological Clocks 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【Everything to Know About Your Circadian Rhythm 】： https://www.healthline.com/health/healthy-sleep/circadian-rhythm#how-it-works ✅聽力練習【How does your body know what time it is? - Marco A. Sotomayor s 】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y8ZXOfWUbms TPO 15 A Warm blooded Turtle 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【 leatherback turtles 】： https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/species/leatherback-turtle ✅聽力練習【Protecting leatherback turtles - Blue Planet II: Episode 7 Preview - BBC One 】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=E_e5dznx0kw TPO 15 Mass Extinctions 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【What are mass extinctions, and what causes them? 】： https://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/article/mass-extinction ✅聽力練習【何時會發生下一次生物大滅絕？ - Borths，D'Emic 及 Pritchard 】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RAdNCIIYXvo TPO 17 Animal Signals In The Rainforest 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【 The amazing ways animals communicate with each other 】： https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/articles/zd9rdnb ✅聽力練習【 Rainforests 101 | National Geographic 】 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3vijLre760w TPO 17 Symbiotic Relationships 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【17.4A: Symbiosis】： https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_and_General_Biology/Biology_(Kimball)/17%3A_Ecology/17.04%3A_Interactions_between_Species/17.4A%3A_Symbiosis ✅聽力練習【互利共生 (Symbiosis): 一個驚奇的物種合作故事 - David Gonzales】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2AM3ARs9MMg TPO 19 Succession, Climax, and Ecosystems 📖參考連結: ✅ 延伸閱讀【Ecological succession, explained】： https://news.uchicago.edu/explainer/what-is-ecological-succession ✅聽力練習【Ecological succession | Biodiversity and human impacts | High school biology | Khan Academy 】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d7xbyNSxxrI TPO 20 Fossil Preservation 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【Fossil】： https://education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/fossil/ ✅聽力練習【Fossils 101 | National Geographic 】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bRuSmxJo_iA 22 Spartina 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【Ecosystem Invaders: Spartina 】： https://education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/ecosystem-invaders-spartina/ ✅聽力練習【smooth cord grass / salt marsh cord grass (Spartina alterniflora) 】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U6bCb2OJzfY TPO 25 The Evolutionary Origin of Plants 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【The origin of plants: Body plan changes contributing to a major evolutionary radiation】： https://www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.97.9.4535 ✅聽力練習【The Evolution of early Plants 】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XDHdjTFk0nQ TPO 26 Survival of Plants and Animals in Desert Conditions 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【Desert Adaptations: 8 strategies plants and animals use to survive in the desert! 】： https://wildearthlab.com/2023/06/28/desert-adaptations/ ✅聽力練習【Nature's fortress: How cacti keep water in and predators out 】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g9Szzb2YBXY TPO 27 Predator-Prey Cycles 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【 Ecosystems and biodiversity - AQA Synergy Predator-prey cycles 】： https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/guides/zwgbpbk/revision/2 ✅聽力練習【 Predator prey cycle | Ecology | Khan Academy 】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NYq2078_xqc TPO 28 Buck Rubs and Buck Scrapes 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【Rubs Versus Scrapes: What’s the Difference? 】： https://crossbowmagazine.com/rubs-versus-scrapes-whats-the-difference/ ✅聽力練習【How To Read And Hunt Buck Rubs And Scrapes 】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aItWoI3adV8 TPO 29 Competition 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【 Adaptations, interdependence and competition - Competition in animals 】： https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/guides/z9pd6yc/revision/7 ✅聽力練習【Greatest Fights In The Animal Kingdom: Part 1 | BBC Earth 】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ss5S3yiGxg8 TPO 30 Role of Play in Development 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【The Importance of Play for Child Development 】： https://www.counsellinginmelbourne.com.au/importance-of-play-for-child-development/ ✅聽力練習【Inside the minds of animals - Bryan B Rasmussen 】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BDJ8xyQjyhM TPO 30 The Pace of Evolutionary Change 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【The pace of evolution 】： https://evolution.berkeley.edu/evolution-101/the-big-issues/the-pace-of-evolution/ ✅聽力練習【The Evolutionary Epic: Crash Course Big History #5 】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=92oHNd8vFwo TPO 31 Speciation in Geographically Isolated Populations 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【speciation 】： https://www.britannica.com/science/speciation ✅聽力練習【Speciation: An Illustrated Introduction 】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8yvEDqrc3XE TPO 32 Distributions of Tropical Bee Colonies 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【The risks and dangers of bee extinction 】： https://www.fairplanet.org/story/the-risks-and-dangers-of-bee-extinction/ ✅聽力練習【Bee extinction: Why we're saving the wrong bees 】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VSYgDssQUtA TPO 32 Plant Colonization 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【Plant colonization, succession and ecosystem development on Surtsey with reference to neighbouring islands 】： https://bg.copernicus.org/articles/11/5521/2014/ ✅聽力練習【3_4 The Colonization of Land by Plants 】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b5E2T3BrpPk&t=335s TPO 33 Extinction Episodes of the Past 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【K-Pg Boundary “Cretaceous–Paleogene Boundary” 】： https://www.geologypage.com/2019/03/k-pg-boundary-cretaceous-paleogene-boundary.html ✅聽力練習【The K-PG Boundary and Dinosaur Extinction (aka "K-T Boundary") 】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GIgVkbgm4cU TPO 40 Amphibian Thermoregulation 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【 Reptiles and amphibians inthermoreception inThermoreceptors in vertebrates 】： https://www.britannica.com/science/thermoreception/Reptiles-and-amphibians ✅聽力練習【What are the characteristics of Amphibians? 】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AKN0Z1rIcMo TPO 40 Latitude and Biodiversity 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【Latitudinal Diversity Gradient (The LDG) 】： https://evolution.berkeley.edu/visualizing-life-on-earth/introducing-the-ldg/ ✅聽力練習【Latitudinal gradients of biodiversity | Biodiversity and conservation | Biology | Khan Academy 】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6Hh_0AFi9Pc TPO 42 Explaining Dinosaur Extinction 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【Why did the dinosaurs go extinct? 】： https://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/article/dinosaur-extinction ✅聽力練習【Why the Dinosaurs’ Extinction is an Ongoing Puzzle | Nat Geo Explores 】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nsTXZuPKuAU TPO 42 Geographic Isolation of Species 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【geographic isolation 】： https://www.genscript.com/biology-glossary/9824/geographic-isolation ✅聽力練習【Geographic Isolation 】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oK-ntUcnobM TPO 44 From Fish to Terrestrial Vertebrates 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【12.7: Vertebrate Evolution 】： https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_and_General_Biology/Introductory_Biology_(CK-12)/12%3A_Vertebrates/12.07%3A_Vertebrate_Evolution ✅聽力練習【How Fish Came on to Land 】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J7rN3_tSb7g TPO 44 Seagrasses 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【How Helper Sharks Discovered the World’s Largest Seagrass Ecosystem】： https://www.scientificamerican.com/podcast/episode/how-helper-sharks-discovered-the-worlds-largest-seagrass-ecosystem/ ✅聽力練習【Seagrass and the Ecosystem | When Sharks Attack 】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CeaXdB4orFE TPO 45 Feeding Strategies in the Ocean 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【The Food Web of the Deep Sea 】： https://www.naturalworldfacts.com/deep-sea-food-web#google_vignette ✅聽力練習【Diet secrets of the deep 】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TbGtPGFXEVc&t=80s TPO 46 Ecosystem Diversity and Stability 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【What Is Biodiversity? 】： https://www.amnh.org/research/center-for-biodiversity-conservation/what-is-biodiversity ✅聽力練習【why is biodiversity so important 】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GK_vRtHJZu4 TPO 47 – Termite Ingenuity 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【Termite‘s Evolution, paleontology, and classification】： https://www.britannica.com/animal/termite/Evolution-paleontology-and-classification ✅聽力練習【Termite Queen Lays Millions of Eggs | National Geographic 】： https://youtube.com/watch?v=MO5Fd54Ap_k TPO 47 Coral Reefs 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【Coral Reefs 】： https://education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/coral-reefs/ ✅聽力練習【Coral Reefs 101 | National Geographic 】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZiULxLLP32s TPO 48 Determining Dinosaur Diet 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【 The Dynamic Diet of Dinosaurs 】： https://www.scienceworld.ca/stories/the-dynamic-diet-of-dinosaurs/ ✅聽力練習【What The Dinosaurs Ate and Why 】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nWuxlXMywa8 TPO 53 Rain Forest Soils 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【SOILS and NUTRIENT CYCLING IN THE RAINFOREST 】： https://worldrainforests.com/0502.htm ✅聽力練習【Nutrient Cycling | Soil Food Web School 】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NVhY4ssMtbI TPO 54 Elements of Life 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【Matter, elements, and atoms 】： https://www.khanacademy.org/science/ap-biology/chemistry-of-life/elements-of-life/a/matter-elements-atoms-article ✅聽力練習【Elemental building blocks of biological molecules 】： https://www.khanacademy.org/science/ap-biology/chemistry-of-life/elements-of-life/v/elemental-building-blocks-of-biological-molecules TPO 54 Overkill of the North American Megafauna 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【Overkill, glacial history, and the extinction of North America’s Ice Age megafauna 】： https://www.pnas.org/doi/full/10.1073/pnas.2015032117 ✅聽力練習【What Was North America Like During The Ice Age? 】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PQ-sWeOqAS0 TPO 57 The Debate over Spontaneous Generation 📖參考連結: ✅聽力練習【Louis Pasteur - Scientist | Mini Bio | BIO】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OXdbQ1JkX7c 【Pasteur's Experiment】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q5nbU_V1STk TPO 58 Pinyon Pines and Pinyon Jays 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【Pinyon Pine and Pinyon Jay】： https://www.grandcanyontrust.org/blog/pinyon-pine-and-pinyon-jay 【The Intimate Relationship Between Pinyon Jays and Piñon Pines Is Unraveling】： https://www.audubon.org/magazine/winter-2022/the-intimate-relationship-between-pinyon-jays-and TPO 62 Plant Adaptations to Cool Environments 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【supercooling and frost hardening】： https://www.purdue.edu/fnr/extension/what-do-trees-do-in-the-winter/ TPO 62 Plant Adaptations to Cool Environments 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【What do Trees Do in the Winter?】： https://www.purdue.edu/fnr/extension/what-do-trees-do-in-the-winter/ TPO 65 The Pit Organs of Snakes 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【 Snakes’ Flexible, Heat-Sensing Organs Explained 】： https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/snakes-flexible-heat-sensing-organs-explained/ ✅聽力練習【How do Snakes See | Seeing Infrared with their Pit Organ 】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dXjTzXivpVo TPO 66 What is Coral? 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【What are corals?】 https://oceanservice.noaa.gov/education/tutorial_corals/coral01_intro.html ✅聽力練習【What Exactly Is Coral? 】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UkkfAzswGI8 TPO 67 Taxonomy of Organisms 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【Classification Systems 】： https://www.biologyonline.com/dictionary/taxonomy ✅聽力練習【How Are Organisms Classified? | Evolution | Biology | FuseSchool】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lnvlMlopu2A TPO 69 Why Snakes Have Forked Tongues 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【Why Do Snakes Have Forked Tongues? 】： https://www.thescienceexplorer.com/why-do-snakes-have-forked-tongues-337 ✅聽力練習【The Twisted Truth About Snake Tongues | Deep Look 】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s6jDsPXmo2I 生理學 TPO 18 The Mystery Of Yawning 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【Facts About Yawning: Why We Do It, How to Stop, and More】： https://www.healthline.com/health/why-do-we-yawn ✅聽力練習【 Why is yawning contagious? - Claudia Aguirre 】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4NpG4F9yq00 TPO 24 Breathing During Sleep 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【Understanding Your Respiratory Rate While Sleeping 】： https://www.sleepfoundation.org/sleep-apnea/sleep-respiratory-rate ✅聽力練習【Art of Breathing | Tina Sodhi | TEDxWabashCollege 】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9FtyvRTWITY&t=2s 生態學 TPO 56 Urban Heat Islands 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【Urban Heat Island 】： https://education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/urban-heat-island/ ✅聽力練習【 What is an urban heat island? 】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0Wevbkcg43g TPO 61 Grasses of the Prairie 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【Native Prairie Grasses】： https://www.prairieoriginals.com/index.php?page=grasses ✅聽力練習【The Prairie Dog Life | Destination WILD 】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=q05A6WJZ6ng&t=1s TPO 66 Visions of the Land 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【The Pilgrims】： https://www.history.com/topics/colonial-america/pilgrims ✅聽力練習【The First Thanksgiving | THE PILGRIMS | American Experience | PBS 】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ItrKU0KaoPo TPO 68 Predicting Volcanic Eruptions 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【Can Scientists Forecast Volcanic Eruptions?】： https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/scientists-inch-toward-better-volcanic-eruption-forecasting1/ ✅聽力練習【Can We Predict Volcanic Eruptions? 】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Zkbnn7SVATE TPO 69 Pacific Ecosystems 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【Island ecosystem 】： https://thewonderfulwildlifeofsamloem.wordpress.com/island-ecosystem/ ✅聽力練習【Biodiversity and ecosystem health: a Hawaiian Islands case study | Khan Academy】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bmiVVgF9Hjw TPO 70 Nineteenth-Century Theories of Mountain Formation 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【Continental Drift 】： https://education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/continental-drift/ ✅聽力練習【The Theory of Continental Drift 】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_5q8hzF9VVE 環境 TPO 59 Dealing with Extreme Cold 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【Temperature regulation strategies】： https://www.khanacademy.org/science/ap-biology/ecology-ap/energy-flow-through-ecosystems/a/animal-temperature-regulation-strategies ✅聽力練習【Animals' Mechanism To Survive In Hot and Cold Temperatures】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JyCGVKFTZMw

⭐️ TPO 59 建築材料 Building Materials 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【建築材料 Building Materials 】： https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Building_material ✅聽力練習【基本建材 Basic Construction materials】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wOyQBVfM1eo&list=PLyqSpQzTE6M_RfjEQMK7_L-UvxAMhplUT

歷史 TPO 06 Powering The Industrial Revolution 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【Industrial Revolution and Technology】： https://education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/industrial-revolution-and-technology/ ✅聽力練習【The Industrial Revolution: Crash Course European History #24】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zjK7PWmRRyg TPO 07 Ancient Rome And Greece 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【History of Europe - Greeks, Romans, Barbarians】： https://www.britannica.com/topic/history-of-Europe/Greeks-Romans-and-barbarians ✅聽力練習【Ancient Greece 101 | National Geographic】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6bDrYTXQLu8&t=83s ✅聽力練習【Ancient Rome 101 | National Geographic】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GXoEpNjgKzg&t=8s TPO 07 Agriculture, Iron, And The Bantu Peoples 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【South Africa - Iron Age, Bantu, Khoisan】： https://www.britannica.com/place/South-Africa/The-Iron-Age ✅聽力練習【How the Bantus Permanently Changed the Face of Africa 2,000 Years Ago (History of the Bantu Peoples)】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d2CkqHdkUcI TPO 08 The Rise Of Teotihuacan 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【Pre-Hispanic City of Teotihuacan】： https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/414/ ✅聽力練習【Teotihuacan】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=taCxra5ezKg&t=28s TPO 10 Seventeenth-Century European Economic Growth 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【The Economy of Europe in an Age of Crisis, 1600-1750】： https://eh.net/book_reviews/the-economy-of-europe-in-an-age-of-crisis-1600-1750/ ✅聽力練習【The 17th Century Crisis: Crash Course European History #11】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cmKHYpC_jVs TPO 14 Pastoralism In Ancient Inner Eurasia 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【pastoralism】： https://www.britannica.com/topic/pastoralism ✅聽力練習【What is Pastoralism? | Pastoralism in Anthropology | Pastoralism Types, Risks, Challenges, & More!】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OTJki9i-PdQ TPO 16 Development Of The Periodic Table 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【Development of the periodic table】： https://www.rsc.org/periodic-table/history/about ✅聽力練習【The genius of Mendeleev’s periodic table 】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fPnwBITSmgU TPO 16 Trade And The Ancient Middle East 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【Ancient Middle East - Science, Law, Trade】： https://www.britannica.com/place/ancient-Middle-East/Science-and-law ✅聽力練習【The Silk Road: Connecting the ancient world through trade - Shannon Harris Castelo】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vn3e37VWc0k TPO 17 Europe's Early Sea Trade With Asia 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【European exploration - Central Asia, Land Routes, Silk Road】： https://www.britannica.com/topic/European-exploration/The-land-routes-of-Central-Asia ✅聽力練習【The Age Of Exploration】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sGeXtUZQScc TPO 18 Industrialization In The Netherlands and Scandinavia 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【The Industrial Revolution - History of Europe】： https://www.britannica.com/topic/history-of-Europe/The-Industrial-Revolution ✅聽力練習【The Industrial Revolution: Crash Course European History #24】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zjK7PWmRRyg TPO 19 The Roman Army's Impact on Britain 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【How did the Romans change Britain?】： https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/articles/z2dr4wx#zj89kty ✅聽力練習【How Did The Romans Change Britain? | History in a Nutshell | Animated History】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SajyHgJTy3E TPO 20 Westward Migration 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【Westward Expansion】： https://www.history.com/topics/19th-century/westward-expansion ✅聽力練習【Westward Expansion: Crash Course US History #24】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q16OZkgSXfM TPO 21 The Origins of Agriculture 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【Origins of agriculture | History, Types, Techniques, & Facts】： https://www.britannica.com/topic/agriculture ✅聽力練習【The Agricultural Revolution: Crash Course World History #1】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Yocja_N5s1I TPO 23 Seventeenth-Century Dutch Agriculture 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【How the Netherlands Feeds the World】： https://www.nationalgeographic.com/magazine/article/holland-agriculture-sustainable-farming ✅聽力練習【Dutch Golden Age: Crash Course European History #15】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=35PinDPNPw0&t=83s TPO 24 Moving into Pueblos 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【Pueblo Native Americans: Their History, Culture, and Traditions】： https://blog.nativehope.org/pueblo-native-americans-their-history-culture-and-traditions ✅聽力練習【Ancestral Puebloans】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eauhxTxPhIE TPO 25 The Decline of Venetian Shipping 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【Venice - Maritime, Trade, Empire】： https://www.britannica.com/place/Venice/Zenith-of-power ✅聽力練習【Corruption, wealth and beauty: The history of the Venetian gondola - Laura Morelli 】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B5x5CnwQZD4 TPO 26 Energy and the Industrial Revolution 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【Energy (R)evolution】： https://www.electrochem.org/energy-revolution/ ✅聽力練習【What was the Industrial Revolution?】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Xpb9XKmRsyw TPO 26 Sumer and the First Cities of the Ancient Near East 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【Sumer】： https://www.history.com/topics/ancient-middle-east/sumer ✅聽力練習【Sumerians and their Civilization Explained in 7 Minutes】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QDJa2sLNYZs TPO 28 Early Saharan Pastoralists 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【Pastoralism in Africa】： https://oxfordre.com/africanhistory/display/10.1093/acrefore/9780190277734.001.0001/acrefore-9780190277734-e-1066?d=%2F10.1093%2Facrefore%2F9780190277734.001.0001%2Facrefore-9780190277734-e-1066&p=emailA%2F053gLnpw60A ✅聽力練習【Pastoral nomads in migration | SLICE】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Jj7oK5PWsNg TPO 29 The History of Waterpower 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【History of Hydropower】： https://www.energy.gov/eere/water/history-hydropower ✅聽力練習【History of Hydro Power | What is Hydro Energy | History of water wheel】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9ZY_5RhSCgo TPO 30 The Invention of the Mechanical Clock 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【mechanical clock】： https://www.britannica.com/technology/mechanical-clock ✅聽力練習【 Who decides how long a second is? - John Kitching】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OKms5a0nGO4 TPO 32 Railroads and Commercial Agriculture in History Nineteenth-Century United States 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【Freight Rail & Agriculture】： https://www.aar.org/issue /freight-rail-agriculture-industry/ ✅聽力練習【The American Railroad: A History】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kisPKZqWHig TPO 32 Siam, 1851-1910 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【history of Thailand】： https://www.britannica.com/topic/history-of-Thailand ✅聽力練習【THE HISTORY OF THAILAND in 10 minutes】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zo1e7XUWkME TPO 33 The First Civilizations 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【6 Early Human Civilizations】： https://www.history.com/news/first-earliest-human-civilizations ✅聽力練習【 Ancient Mesopotamia 101 | National Geographic 】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xVf5kZA0HtQ TPO 46 The Commercial Revolution in Medieval Europe 📖參考連結: ✅ 延伸閱讀【Commercial Revolution】： https://www.britannica.com/topic/Commercial-Revolution ✅聽力練習【The Middle Ages Explained in 10 minutes 】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H5AVPmAZ8o8 TPO 47 Roman Cultural Influence on Britain 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【How did the Romans change Britain?】： https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/articles/z2dr4wx#zj89kty ✅聽力練習【How Did The Romans Change Britain? | History in a Nutshell | Animated History】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SajyHgJTy3E TPO 48 Chinese Population Growth 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【China's Population: Issues and Trends in China's Demographic History】： https://afe.easia.columbia.edu/special/china_1950_population.htm ✅聽力練習【Why China's population is shrinking】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gmehUgOy5ok&t=1s TPO 49 Background for the Industrial Revolution 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【Industrial Revolution 】： https://www.history.com/topics/industrial-revolution ✅聽力練習【The Industrial Revolution (18-19th Century)】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xLhNP0qp38Q TPO 50 The Achievement of Brazilian Independence 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【Independence of Brazil】： https://www.britannica.com/place/Brazil/Independence ✅聽力練習【The Animated History of Brazil】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XaYcSBYgcK4&t=166s TPO 51 Memphis: United Egypt's First Capital 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【Memphis】： https://www.britannica.com/place/Memphis-ancient-city-Egypthttps://www.britannica.com/place/Memphis-ancient-city-Egypt ✅聽力練習【The ENTIRE History of Egypt | Ancient Civilizations Documentary 】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CskfvgEItPA TPO 51 Population Growth in Nineteenth-Century Europe 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【Population change】： https://www.britannica.com/topic/modernization/Population-change ✅聽力練習【How Populations Grow and Change: Crash Course Geography #33 】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JpAiBg0hrfQ TPO 52 Natufian Culture 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【Natufian culture】： https://www.britannica.com/topic/Natufian-culture ✅聽力練習【 Incredible 14,300-Year-Old Major Natufian Settlement | Ancient Architects 】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g_q0TZtiw1M&t=246s TPO 53 Evidence of the Earliest Writing 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【 Sumerian writing 】： https://www.britannica.com/topic/writing/Sumerian-writing ✅聽力練習【 The ancient secrets revealed by deciphered tablets | BBC Ideas 】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7QDGDh9KT_U TPO 54 The Commercialization of Lumber 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【The US Lumber History You’ve Never Heard Before 】： https://www.connerindustries.com/us-lumber-history/ ✅聽力練習【 Log to Lumber - How American Lumber is Made 】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7zJxMmfrVhI TPO 58 The Rise of Classic Maya Civilization 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【Who were the Maya? Decoding the ancient civilization's secrets 】： https://www.nationalgeographic.com/history/article/who-were-the-maya ✅聽力練習【 Ancient Maya 101 | National Geographic 】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q6eBJjdca14 TPO 60 The Revolution of Cheap Print 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【A brief history of printing. From the 15th century to today】： https://www.pixartprinting.co.uk/blog/brief-history-printing/ ✅聽力練習【The evolution of the book - Julie Dreyfuss】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_YqYtdPUis4 TPO 62 The Use of Jade and Bronze in China 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【 Chinese jade】： https://www.britannica.com/art/Chinese-jade ✅聽力練習【The Mystery of the Jade Discs | National Geographic 】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TujqxvovVQY TPO 63 The Sumerians and Regional Interdependence 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【 Sumer】： https://www.history.com/topics/ancient-middle-east/sumer ✅聽力練習【The rise and fall of history’s first empire - Soraya Field Fiorio 】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XBk9KywTIgk TPO 63 The Roman Empire 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【The Roman Empire】： https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/world-history/ancient-medieval/roman-a/a/roman-empire ✅聽力練習【Ancient Rome 101 | National Geographic 】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GXoEpNjgKzg TPO 64 The Development of Complex Societies in Ancient Mexico 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【 History of Mexico 】： https://www.history.com/topics/latin-america/history-of-mexico ✅聽力練習【The History of Mexico | History Lists | History 】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ag7fpMIfJYA TPO 68 Salt and the Rise of Venice 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【The History of Venice: Italy's Historic ‘Floating City’ 】： https://www.europeanwaterways.com/blog/history-of-venice/ ✅聽力練習【 History of a Mediterranean Superpower: The Rise of Venice 】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cZjsO8p9FlU TPO 69 Ancient Southwestern Cultures 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【 Native People of the American Southwest 】： https://kids.nationalgeographic.com/history/article/native-people-of-the-american-southwest ✅聽力練習【Native Peoples of the Southwest | Learn the history and culture of Native Peoples 】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xP3ZJrh5tTQ TPO 70 The Development of Chinese Dynasties 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【Imperial China's Dynasties 】： https://education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/imperial-chinas-dynasties/ ✅聽力練習【 All China's dynasties explained in 7 minutes 】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fFNzX3tYTXU TPO 71 Minoan Palaces 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【Minoan Palatial Centres 】： https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/5860/ ✅聽力練習【 The Ancient Mysteries Of The Minoan People | The Minotaur's Island 】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nJUpw_wd-7I 人類學 TPO 05 The Origins Of The Pacific Island People 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【Pacific Islands - Exploration, Colonization, Trade】： https://www.britannica.com/place/Pacific-Islands/Early-period ✅聽力練習【The Peopling of the Pacific | The Last Great Human Expansion】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aJ8P_G8amk4 TPO 09 Colonizing The Americas Via The Northwest Coast 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【Coastal Migration】： https://www.nps.gov/subjects/oceans/coastal-migration.htm ✅聽力練習【The Story of Human Migration: Your Life in a Tooth | Carolyn Freiwald | TEDxUniversityofMississippi】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wBuaxd1tz2w TPO 12 Which Hand Did They Use? 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【Left-Handers Day: Amazing facts about lefties 】： https://www.bbc.co.uk/newsround/53739189 ✅聽力練習【Why are some people left-handed? - Daniel M. Abrams】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TGLYcYCm2FM TPO 68 Research into Aging and Extending Life Span 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【Human life span】： https://www.britannica.com/science/life-span/Human-life-span ✅聽力練習【Longevity: can ageing be reversed?】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FYr04ymjD1w

⭐️TPO 57 R1: 害蟲和殺蟲劑 Pests and Pesticides 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【10.4: 害蟲和殺蟲劑 10.4: Pests and Pesticides】： https://eng.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Environmental_Engineering_(Sustainability_and_Conservation)/Book%3A_Essentials_of_Environmental_Science_(CK-12)/10%3A_Untitled_Chapter_10/10.04%3A_New_Page ✅聽力練習【我們真的需要農藥嗎？ Do we really need pesticides?】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GLllZ-qiXJA: ⭐️TPO 65 R3: 伊朗的畜牧業和農業 Pastoralism and Agriculture in Iran 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【伊朗南部的遊牧生活方式 Nomadic pastoralism in Southern Iran】: https://pastoralismjournal.springeropen.com/articles/10.1186/2041-7136-3-11 ✅聽力練習【游牧生活方式 Pastoralism】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6ayHA5rkkew ⭐️TPO 67 R1: 作物工程 Crop Engineering 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【新一代作物工程 Next-generation crop engineering】： https://www.nature.com/articles/s41477-021-00890-5 ✅聽力練習【基因工程 Genetic engineering】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4fBQ2umTaMA ⭐️TPO 71 R3: 濕地水稻耕作的生產率 The Productivity of Wet Rice Farming 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【稻田 Paddy field】： https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paddy_field ✅聽力練習【稻田的乾濕轉換的水分管理 The Alternate Wetting And Drying Water Management In Rice Field】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IvlkZBiaDBg

社會學 ⭐️ TPO 13 R1: 社會群體的類型 Types Of Social Groups 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【社會群體的類型 Types of social groups】： https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Types_of_social_groups ✅聽力練習【社會群體是什麼？What is Social group?】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Cn2-dlZR9IM ⭐️ TPO 57 R3: 無聲電影中的敘事清晰度問題 The Problem of Narrative Clarity in Silent Films The Problem of Narrative Clarity in Silent Films 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【無聲電影 Silent film】： https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silent_film ✅聽力練習【電影史- 無聲時代 The History of Cinema- Silent Era】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SYvZPCmeEO4 ⭐️ TPO 60 R1: 地下生活 Underground Life 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【地下生活 Underground Life?】： https://www.seti.org/underground-life ✅聽力練習【澳洲地下城的艱困生活 Life against the odds in Australia's underground tow】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8n9PbHXA6Lo ⭐️ TPO 62 R3: 感知發展是一個天生或在社交環境中習得的過程? Is Perceptual Development an Innate or Socially Acquired Process? 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【感知 - 以綜合的方式感知 Perception - Perceiving as synthesizing】： https://www.britannica.com/topic/perception/Perceiving-as-synthesizing ✅聽力練習【感知發展：視覺與聽覺 Perceptual Development: Visual and Auditory】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ezJUpYrRW2s ⭐️ TPO 64 R2: 嬰兒的聽覺感知 Auditory Perception in Infancy 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【嬰兒知覺 Infant Perception】： https://www.britannica.com/topic/infant-perception ✅聽力練習【嬰兒言語知覺 infant speech perception】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CSMjKDZvNWA ⭐️ TPO 66 R1 演員和觀眾 The Actor and the Audience 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【演員和觀眾 Actor and the Audience】： https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/1931/09/actor-and-audience/650512/ ✅聽力練習【演員和觀眾的關係 Actor Audience Relationship】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PK2ZXrV1ITw ⭐️ TPO 70 R3: 功能主義 Functionalism 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【功能主義 Functionalism】： https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Functionalism ✅聽力練習【功能主義 Functionalism】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-83vVeSC2_g 心理學 ⭐️ TPO 06 R3: 嬰兒經驗失憶 Infantile Amnesia 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【嬰兒經驗失憶是什麼？ What Is Infantile Amnesia?】： https://www.webmd.com/children/what-is-infantile-amnesia ✅聽力練習【為什麼你不記得嬰兒的時期？Why Can't You Remember Being a Baby?】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1nHwQKT_muc ⭐️ TPO 21 R3: 自傳式記憶 Autobiographical Memory 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【自傳式記憶 Autobiographical Memory】： https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/autobiographical-memory ✅聽力練習【自傳式記憶 Autobiographical Memory】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d56fyWMh6bI ⭐️ TPO 13 R3: 研究嬰兒知覺的方法 Methods Of Studying Infant Perception 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【嬰兒知覺 Infant Perception】： https://www.britannica.com/topic/infant-perception ✅聽力練習【嬰兒知覺：身心發展 Infant Perception: Developmental Psyc, Physical Dev】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NamD514xbNY ⭐️ TPO 14 R1: 兒童與廣告 Children And Advertising 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【廣告：它是如何影響兒童和青少年的 Advertising: how it influences children and teenagers】： https://raisingchildren.net.au/toddlers/play-learning/screen-time-media/advertising-children ✅聽力練習【廣告如何重組孩子的大腦 How Advertising Rewires Kids' Brains】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hGN1ZEABk_Y

地球科學 TPO 04 Petroleum Resources TPO 21 Geothermal Energy TPO 43 El Nino TPO 43 The Origin of Petroleum TPO 44 The Use of the Camera Obscura TPO 45 Microscopes The Beringia Landscape TPO 45 Wind pollination TPO 48 Climate and Urban Development TPO 49 Ancient Coastlines TPO 51 Surface Fluids on Venus and Earth TPO 52 Stream Deposit TPO 60 Earth's Core 物理化學 ⭐️ TPO 61 R1: 礦物的物理性質 Physical Properties of Minerals 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【礦物的物理性質 Physical Properties of Minerals】： https://geologyscience.com/geology/physical-properties-of-minerals/ ✅聽力練習【礦物的物理性質 Physical Properties of Minerals】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QNTCKd_nfkc ⭐️TPO 71 R1: 海洋的電能 Electrical Energy from the Ocean 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【波力發電 Wave power】： https://www.britannica.com/science/wave-power ✅聽力練習【Wavepiston - 一種划算的和可持續性的波浪能系統 Wavepiston - a cost-efficient and sustainable wave energy system】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2ScAgPhKIHU 氣象學 ⭐️ TPO 10 R2: 氣候變遷 Variations In The Climate 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【氣候變異度 Climate Variability】： https://scied.ucar.edu/learning-zone/how-climate-works/climate-variability ✅聽力練習【氣候變異性和氣候變化。有什麼區別？Climate variability and climate change: What is the difference?】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zL83rDrS8Echttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zL83rDrS8Ec ⭐️ TPO 18 R3: 閃電 Lightning 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【閃電的基本原理 Lightning Basics】： https://www.nssl.noaa.gov/education/svrwx101/lightning/ ✅聽力練習【閃電科學 The Science of Lightning】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=h-0gNl5f4BU ⭐️ TPO 23 R1: 都市氣候 Urban Climates 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【都市氣候 Urban Climates】： https://www.britannica.com/science/urban-climate ✅聽力練習【CBC新聞。國家｜城市氣候變化CBC News: The National | Urban climate change】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hd20ai00IZY 地質學 TPO 01 Groundwater TPO 02 Desert Formation TPO 03 Depletion Of The Ogallala Aquifer TPO 07 The Geologic History Of The Mediterranean TPO 12 Water In The Desert TPO 14 Maya Water Problems TPO 15 Glacier Formation TPO 19 Discovering the Ice Ages TPO 24 Lake Water TPO 27 The Formation of Volcanic Islands TPO 28 Groundwater TPO 31 Savanna Formation TPO 56 Alfred Wegener's Theory of Continental Drift

⭐️ TPO 08 R3: 火星上的流水 Running Water On Mars 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【火星表面有液態水。以下是科學家認為它消失的原因 Mars Had Liquid Water On Its Surface. Here's Why Scientists Think It Vanished】： https://www.npr.org/2021/09/22/1039288432/mars-liquid-water-surface-size-potassium-mass-space ✅聽力練習【NASA 在火星上發現液態水! NASA Find Liquid Water on Mars!】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a3R7y-LI9n4 ⭐️ TPO 16 R3: 太陽系中的行星 Planets In Our Solar System 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【概述 - 我們的太陽系 Overview | Our Solar System】： https://solarsystem.nasa.gov/solar-system/our-solar-system/overview/ ✅聽力練習【太陽系101 - 國家地理 Solar System 101 | National Geographic】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=libKVRa01L8 ⭐️ TPO 22 R3: 阿顏德隕石 The Allende Meteorite 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【阿顏德隕石 The Allende Meteorite】： https://zh.m.wikipedia.org/zh-tw/%E9%98%BF%E9%A1%8F%E5%BE%B7%E9%9A%95%E7%9F%B3 ✅聽力練習【阿顏德隕石打破了太陽系的神話｜太空新聞 Allende Meteorite Shatters Solar System Myths | Space News】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-bT8IM3ZC5U ⭐️ TPO 25 R1: 火星表面 The surface of Mars 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【何為火星？ What Is Mars?】： https://www.nasa.gov/audience/forstudents/5-8/features/nasa-knows/what-is-mars-58.html ✅聽力練習【在火星表面上行駛 Driving on the Surface of Mars】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nQ365jzwk5w ⭐️ TPO 41 R2: 金星的氣候 Climate of Venus 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【金星 Venus】： https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venus ✅聽力練習【金星101 | 國家地理 Venus 101 | National Geographic】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BvXa1n9fjow ⭐️ TPO 42 R3: 木衛四和木衛三 Callisto and Ganymede 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【第37章木衛四和木衛三 - Chapter 37 - Ganymede and Callisto】： https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780124158450000372 ✅聽力練習【木星的衛星：天文學速成班 Jupiter's Moons: Crash Course Astronomy 】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HaFaf7vbgpE ⭐️ TPO 50 R3: 恆星的死亡 Star Death 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【恆星的死亡 The Death of a Star】： https://science.howstuffworks.com/star6.htm ✅聽力練習【恆星的生與死。白矮星、超新星、中子星和黑洞 The Life and Death of Stars: White Dwarfs, Supernovae, Neutron Stars, and Black Holes】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4xIQGbYur9Q ⭐️ TPO 63 R2: 彗星的結構和構成 Structure and Composition of Comets 📖參考連結: ✅延伸閱讀【彗星：結構和構成Comet: Structure and composition】： https://link.springer.com/referenceworkentry/10.1007/1-4020-4520-4_81 ✅聽力練習【彗星介紹 - 彗星是如何形成的以及彗星是如何運作的 Introduction to Comets - How They Form and How Comets Work】： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-oA44WL6P6k

人類考古學

藝術

生命科學

建築學

人文科學

農業學

社會科學

自然科學

天文學