地球科學
⭐️TPO 10 磷循環 Phosphorus cycle
📖參考連結:
✅延伸閱讀【磷循環 Phosphorus cycle】：
https://swroc.cfans.umn.edu/research/soil-water/phosphorus-cycle#:~:text=The%20Phosphorus%20Cycle%20is%20the,living%20and%20dead%20organic%20material.
✅聽力練習【磷循環的步驟 Phosphorus Cycle Steps】：https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Wzo-uFS7LUA
⭐️TPO 11 濕地與氣候 Wetland and climate
📖參考連結:
✅延伸閱讀【什麼是濕地以及它們如何幫助應對氣候變遷？What are wetlands and how do they help with climate change?】：
https://www.zurich.com/media/magazine/2022/why-we-should-care-about-and-protect-our-wetlands
✅聽力練習【生態系的相互作用—濕地 Interactions in Ecosystems – Wetlands】：
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xIJb9BRsLvg
⭐️TPO 12 太陽能為何沒有廣泛應用 Why solar energy is not widely used
📖參考連結:
✅延伸閱讀【太陽能的黑暗面 The dark side of solar energy】：
https://hbr.org/2021/06/the-dark-side-of-solar-power
✅聽力練習【太陽能為何變得如此便宜，以及為什麼它還沒有普及（還沒無處不在）How solar energy got so cheap, and why it’s not everywhere (yet)】：
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sUvaYycoWqI
⭐️TPO 13 海狸和濕地 Beaver and wetland
📖參考連結:
✅延伸閱讀【海狸如何復興濕地 How beavers are reviving wetlands】：
https://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-64502365
✅聽力練習【海狸對北美沙漠濕地復育的影響 The Impact of Beavers on Desert Wetland Restoration in Northern America】：
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IseoroTZAPM
⭐️TPO 15 地質時期 Geologic Time Periods
📖參考連結:
✅延伸閱讀【 地質時代介紹 Geologic time introduction】：
https://kids.britannica.com/students/article/geologic-time/627998
✅聽力練習【什麼是地質年標？What Is The Geologic Time Scale?】：
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XMjkO72KVjE
⭐️TPO 16 列楚基耶洞穴：地下寶石 Lechuguilla cave
📖參考連結:
✅延伸閱讀【列楚基耶洞穴：地下寶石 Lechuguilla cave: Jewel of the Underground】：
https://www.geologyin.com/2016/10/lechuguilla-cave-jewel-of-underground.html
✅聽力練習【開始探洞 – 洞穴入門指南 Getting Started Caving – An Introduction to Caves】：
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uGRT09Iu2mk
⭐️TPO 17 米蘭科維奇假說 Milankovitch hypothesis
📖參考連結:
✅延伸閱讀【米蘭科維奇（軌道）週期及其在地球氣候中的作用 Milankovitch (Orbital) Cycles and Their Role in Earth’s Climate】：
https://science.nasa.gov/science-research/earth-science/milankovitch-orbital-cycles-and-their-role-in-earths-climate/
✅聽力練習【米蘭科維奇週期對地球的影響 What Milankovitch Cycles Will Do To Earth】：
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=01aFP88qfQs
⭐️TPO 20 間冰期 Interglacial periods
📖參考連結:
✅延伸閱讀【間冰期 – 維基百科 Interglacial- Wiki】：
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interglacial#:~:text=An%20interglacial%20period%20(or%20alternatively,Pleistocene%2C%20about%2011%2C700%20years%20ago.
✅聽力練習【冰期和間冰期的成因 The Cause of Glacial and Interglacial Periods】：
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SAXBMAQ_YGw
⭐️TPO 21 軟體開發 Software Development
📖參考連結:
✅延伸閱讀【什麼是軟體開發？What is Software Development?】：
https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/what-is-software-development/
✅聽力練習【軟體開發生命週期簡介 Introduction To Software Development LifeCycle】：
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Fi3_BjVzpqk
⭐️TPO 23 地球能源預算 Earth Energy Budget
📖參考連結:
✅延伸閱讀【能源預算 The Energy Budget】：
https://scied.ucar.edu/learning-zone/how-climate-works/energy-budget
✅聽力練習【地球能源預算的來龍去脈 Ins and Outs of Earth’s Energy Budget】：
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=90jKRKDMMQc
⭐️TPO 29 碳奈米管 Carbon Nanotubes
📖參考連結:
✅延伸閱讀【碳奈米管帶來的五項創新 Five Innovations Made Possible With Carbon Nanotubes】：
https://www.northropgrumman.com/what-we-do/advanced-technology-and-innovation/five-innovations-made-possible-with-carbon-nanotubes
✅聽力練習【重新審視碳奈米管將如何改變再生能源 Revisiting How Carbon Nanotubes Will Change Renewable Energy】：
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QEAmTvan0EU
⭐️TPO 29 土壤多樣性 Pedodiversity
📖參考連結:
✅延伸閱讀【土壤生物多樣性：貢獻與威脅 Soil Biodiversity: Contributions and Threats】：
https://www.decadeonrestoration.org/stories/soil-biodiversity-contributions-and-threats
✅聽力練習【土壤基礎知識：土壤剖面 Soil Basics: Soil Profiles】：
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xoTd7ctj-e0
⭐️TPO 31 構造板塊的運動 Movement of Tectonic Plates
📖參考連結:
✅延伸閱讀【板塊構造 Plate Tectonics】：
https://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/article/plate-tectonics#:~:text=The%20movement%20of%20the%20plates,to%20five%20centimeters)%20per%20year.
✅聽力練習【什麼是構造板塊？我們的地球及其運動 What Are Tectonic Plates? Our Earth and Its Movements】：
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vxmoxDznXe4
⭐️TPO 32 銅盆地 The Copper Basin
📖參考連結:
✅延伸閱讀【銅盆地 The Copper Basin】：
https://www.gamineral.org/writings/copperbasin-cochran.html#:~:text=The%20original%20deposition%20of%20rock,of%20the%20ores%20were%20deposited.
✅聽力練習【銅盆地 The Copper Basin】：
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ue4mNwhc0Rw
⭐️TPO 33 科羅拉多河流域 Colorado River Basin
📖參考連結:
✅延伸閱讀【科羅拉多河上游流域 Upper Basin of the Colorado River】：
https://www.americanrivers.org/river/upper-basin-of-the-colorado-river/
✅聽力練習【沒有足夠的水流通：遭受乾旱蹂躪的科羅拉多河流域，計劃迎接更乾旱的未來 Not enough water to go around: Colorado River Basin, ravaged by drought, plans for a drier future】：https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gmeWydWm2MU
⭐️TPO 34 管理廢棄物 Managing wastes
📖參考連結:
✅延伸閱讀【什麼是廢棄物管理－為什麼如此重要？What is Waste Management-And Why is it So Important?】：
https://blog.cleanhub.com/what-is-waste-management
✅聽力練習【新加坡如何解決嚴重的垃圾問題 How Singapore fixed its big trash problem】：
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r-q5V6LDxEY
⭐️TPO 37 土壤中的水 Water in the soil
📖參考連結:
✅延伸閱讀【土壤中的水 Water in soil】：
https://pinova-meteo.com/en/blog/water-in-soil
✅聽力練習【土壤中的水分運動 Water Movement in Soil】：
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vmo0FRAVgkM
⭐️TPO 44 提供奈米科技實際應用的例子 Provide an example of a practical use of nanotechnology
📖參考連結:
✅延伸閱讀【奈米技術：大問題的小解決方案 Nanotechnology: a small solution to big problems】：
https://www.iberdrola.com/innovation/nanotechnology-applications#:~:text=Some%20nanoparticles%20have%20also%20been,pharmaceutical%20products%20such%20as%20sunscreen.&text=Air%20purification%20with%20ions%2C%20wastewater,of%20its%20environmentally%2Dfriendly%20applications.
✅聽力練習【奈米技術實際應用的 7 個令人驚奇的日常例子 7 Amazing Everyday Examples Of Nanotechnology In Action】：
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OFV5hqIXSRI
⭐️TPO 46 銅的一些重要特性 Some important attributes of copper
📖參考連結:
✅延伸閱讀【金屬及其性質：銅 Metals and Their Properties: Copper】：
https://www.morecambemetals.co.uk/what-are-the-properties-of-copper/
✅聽力練習【銅的意義、好處和精神屬性 Copper Meaning Benefits and Spiritual Properties】：
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0sQo5vhBBFk
⭐️TPO 61 對無咖啡因咖啡的需求類型 The sort of need or demand for decaffeinated coffee
📖參考連結:
✅延伸閱讀【關於無咖啡因咖啡您需要了解的一切 Everything You Need to Know About Decaf Coffee】：
https://mtpak.coffee/2021/03/short-guide-to-decaffeinated-coffee/
✅聽力練習【無咖啡因咖啡比較健康嗎？Is Decaf Coffee Healthier?】：
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zhkwQ0SMcvc
理化類
⭐️TPO 08 L4: 元素週期表 The Periodic Table of Elements
📖參考連結:
✅延伸閱讀【元素週期表 Periodic table】：
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Periodic_table
✅聽力練習【元素週期表：化學速成班 The Periodic Table: Crash Course Chemistry】：
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0RRVV4Diomg
⭐️TPO 43 L4: 無線電波和聲波的差異 The difference between radio waves and sound waves
📖參考連結:
✅延伸閱讀【無線電波和聲波的差異 Difference Between Radio Waves and Sound Waves】：
https://pediaa.com/difference-between-radio-waves-and-sound-waves/
✅聽力練習【物理教育：解釋聲波和無線電波計算方式 Physics Education: Sound & Radio Wave Calculations Explained】：
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OdpVee5Meik
⭐️TPO 45 L3: 不同類型的混合物特徵 Characteristics of different types of mixtures
📖參考連結:
✅延伸閱讀【什麼是混合物？ What is a Mixture?】：
https://byjus.com/chemistry/mixtures/
✅聽力練習【混合物的種類 Types of mixtures】：
https://www.khanacademy.org/science/ap-chemistry-beta/x2eef969c74e0d802:intermolecular-forces-and-properties/x2eef969c74e0d802:solutions-and-mixtures/v/types-of-mixtures
⭐️TPO 52 L3: 雪花的特徵 The characteristic of snowflakes
📖參考連結:
✅延伸閱讀【雪花 Snowflake】：
https://www.metoffice.gov.uk/weather/learn-about/weather/types-of-weather/snow/snowflake
✅聽力練習【雪花的科學原理 The Science of Snowflakes】：
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fUot7XSX8uA
科技
⭐️TPO 21 L2: 軟體研發 Software Development
📖參考連結:
✅延伸閱讀【軟體錯誤 Software bug】：
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Software_bug
✅聽力練習【實際軟體工程遇到錯誤的例子 Examples of Real Software Engineering Bugs】：
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C2kyxaQaXKc
氣象學
⭐️TPO 47 L4: 風在調節地球氣候中的作用 The role of wind in regulating Earth’s climate
📖參考連結:
✅延伸閱讀【風 Wind】：
https://education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/wind
✅聽力練習【風是什麼？What is Wind?】：
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RzSqhrn2dDM
⭐️TPO 52 L3: 雪花的特徵 The characteristic of snowflakes
📖參考連結:
✅延伸閱讀【雪花 Snowflake】：
https://www.metoffice.gov.uk/weather/learn-about/weather/types-of-weather/snow/snowflake
✅聽力練習【雪花的科學原理 The Science of Snowflakes】：
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fUot7XSX8uA
⭐️TPO 64 L2: 極地大陸氣團 Continental polar air mass
📖參考連結:
✅延伸閱讀【極地大陸氣團 氣溫低、水分少 Continental Polar Air Masses cold temperatures and little moisture】：
http://ww2010.atmos.uiuc.edu/(Gh)/guides/mtr/af/arms/artc.rxml
✅聽力練習【空氣團 Air Masses】：
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QxvF1nnWRwg
地質學
⭐️TPO 48 L2: 熱點理論 Hot-Spot Theory
📖參考連結:
✅延伸閱讀【熱點（地質學）Hotspot (geology)】：
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hotspot_(geology)
✅聽力練習【什麼是火山熱點？ (教育性) What is a Volcanic Hotspot? (Educational)】：
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AhSaE0omw9o
⭐️TPO 49 L1: 解釋永凍土的過程是如何導致融冰湖的形成 To explain how processes in permafrost lead to the formation of thaw lakes
📖參考連結:
✅延伸閱讀【北極阿拉斯加的永凍土和排水湖 Permafrost and Draining Lakes in Arctic Alaska】：
https://kids.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/frym.2022.692218
✅聽力練習【永凍土 – 它是什麼呢？ Permafrost – what is it?】：
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lxixy1u8GjY
⭐️TPO 50 L4: 石油產業 The petroleum industry
📖參考連結:
✅延伸閱讀【石油產業 The petroleum industry】：
https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-tw/%E7%9F%B3%E6%B2%B9%E7%94%A2%E6%A5%AD
✅聽力練習【石油產業概述 | 第一部分 | Overview of the Petroleum Industry | Part 1 |】：
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zlNybkzlCpo
⭐️TPO 54 L2: 一個關於北美山脈中的河流發生變化的假說 A hypothesis about rivers in a North American mountain chain have changed
📖參考連結:
✅延伸閱讀【北美山脈 North American Cordillera】：
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_American_Cordillera
✅聽力練習【北美地貌如何成形 How North America got its shape】：
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jzqnUvE66HA