藝術
⭐️TPO 01 L1: 美國現實主義女畫家羅絲 · 弗蘭岑 Rose Frantzen
📖參考連結:
✅延伸閱讀【羅絲 · 弗蘭岑寫生人物肖像畫作品】:
https://read01.com/zh-tw/7R0ejzn.html#.YrAw63ZBxPY
✅聽力練習【羅絲 · 弗蘭岑對話中的肖像 Rose Frantzen Portraits in Conversation】:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VVC7lC07qNs
⭐️TPO 03 L2: 讓·班勒維的電影拍攝風格 Jean Painleve film style
📖參考連結:
✅延伸閱讀【讓·班勒維維基百科 Jean Painlevé – wiki】
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean_Painlev%C3%A9
✅聽力練習【動物學超現實主義：讓·班勒維的非人類電影 Zoological Surrealism: The Nonhuman Cinema of Jean Painlevé 】:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MKi2X3y86PY
⭐️TPO 03 L3: 法國肖維岩洞史前繪畫 Chauvet cave painting
📖參考連結:
✅延伸閱讀【肖維岩洞】:
https://www.newton.com.tw/wiki/%E8%82%96%E7%B6%AD%E5%B2%A9%E6%B4%9E
✅聽力練習【肖維岩洞：保護史前藝術 – BBC新聞 Chauvet cave: Preserving prehistoric art – BBC News】:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3OLaNtKoJFk
⭐️TPO 04 L4: 政府對藝術的支助 Government Support for Art
📖參考連結:
✅延伸閱讀【藝術新的方案：1930年代的政府藝術專案 New Deal for Art: The Government Art Projects of the 1930s】:
https://www.americansforthearts.org/by-program/reports-and-data/legislation-policy/naappd/new-deal-for-art-the-government-art-projects-of-the-1930s-with-examples-from-new-york-city-and-state
✅聽力練習【歷史簡介：1930 年代的藝術 History Brief: Art in the 1930s】:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k7l3kcQ8JU0
⭐️TPO 07 L1: 精心製作的戲劇 The well-made Play
📖參考連結:
✅延伸閱讀【19世紀法國的戲劇 The theater of 19th-century France】:
https://www.britannica.com/art/theater-building/Developments-in-the-19th-century
✅聽力練習【19世紀的戲劇 Theatre in the 19th Century】:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z6Fb8nRz1Rk
⭐️TPO 08 L2: 19世紀巴黎的女藝術家 Women Artists in 19th Century Paris
📖參考連結:
✅延伸閱讀【19世紀法國的女性藝術家 Women Artists in Nineteenth-Century France】：
https://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/19wa/hd_19wa.htm
✅聽力練習【19世紀美國和歐洲的女性藝術家 Women Artists in 19th-century U.S. and Europe】：
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zNpSpJrrZOk
⭐️TPO 09 L1: 菲利普·詹姆斯·德·路德堡 Philippe Jacques de Loutherbourg
📖參考連結:
✅延伸閱讀【菲利普·詹姆斯·德·路德堡 Philip James de Loutherbourg – wiki】：
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philip_James_de_Loutherbourg
✅聽力練習【光榮六月一日海戰 The Battle of The Glorious First of June 1794】：
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FZj_ak8O2k8
⭐️TPO 11 L2: 科德角式房屋 Cape Cod House
📖參考連結:
✅延伸閱讀【科德角房屋歷史】：
https://zhtw.eferrit.com/%E9%97%9C%E6%96%BC%E7%BE%8E%E5%9C%8B%E9%B1%88%E9%AD%9A%E8%A7%92%E9%A2%A8%E6%A0%BC%E7%9A%84%E6%88%BF%E5%AD%90/
✅聽力練習【7種居家風格解析 7 Home Styles Explained 】：
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IBitT-Fd5L
⭐️TPO 12 L3: 歌劇的演變 Evolution of Opera
📖參考連結:
✅延伸閱讀【歌劇簡介 A Brief History of Opera】：
https://www.sfopera.com/discover-opera/intro-to-opera/a-brief-history-of-opera/
✅聽力練習【歌劇簡史 A Quick History of Opera】：
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qo0KRY6XrsI
⭐️TPO 15 L3: 覆蓋書寫本 Palimpsest
📖參考連結:
✅延伸閱讀【重寫品 – wiki】：
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palimpsest
✅聽力練習【覆蓋書寫本含意、例子、定義 Palimpsest Meaning – Palimpsest Examples – Palimpsest Defined】：
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=53ONoJyyKkk
⭐️TPO 16 L2: 鋼琴 Piano
📖參考連結:
✅延伸閱讀【鋼琴發明的故事 The Story of the Piano’s Invention】：
https://www.yamaha.com/en/musical_instrument_guide/piano/structure/
✅聽力練習【鋼琴是什麼時候發明的？鋼琴的歷史 When Was the Piano Invented? The History of the Piano】：
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qc7VtjmgOjE
⭐️TPO 16 L4: 彩色玻璃 Stained Glass
📖參考連結:
✅延伸閱讀【彩色玻璃 Stained glass – wiki】：
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stained_glass
✅聽力練習【彩色玻璃的歷史 Stained Glass History】：
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CL4sTyjEsVA
⭐️TPO 17 L1: 史前藝術的年代測定 Prehistoric Art Dating
📖參考連結:
✅延伸閱讀【史前藝術的年代測定方法 Dating Methods for Prehistoric Art】：
https://journals.openedition.org/palethnologie/823
✅聽力練習【確定考古遺址日期的4種方法 4 Ways to Date an Archaeological Site】：
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NFNPmRWDBag
⭐️TPO 18 L2: 希臘雕像的複製品 Copies of Greek Sculptures
📖參考連結:
✅延伸閱讀【伊萊恩·K·加茲達 Elaine Gazda】：
https://lsa.umich.edu/kelsey/about-us/staff/curators-emerita/gazda.html
✅聽力練習【希臘雕像是著色的大理石並非白色的 Greek Sculpture: Painted Marble, not White!】：
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qNf-0a6TvSw
⭐️TPO 19 L4: 塞西莉亞·博克斯 Cecilia Beaux
📖參考連結:
✅延伸閱讀【塞西莉亞·博克斯 Cecilia Beaux – wiki】：
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cecilia_Beaux
✅聽力練習【 塞西莉亞·博克斯的《黃昏的秘密》。 Cecilia Beaux’s Twilight Confidences 】：
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iJ9qlUPwAo0
⭐️TPO 21: 愛麗絲·尼爾 Alice Neel
📖參考連結:
✅延伸閱讀【愛麗絲·尼爾的傳記 Alice Neel’s Biography】：
https://www.davidzwirner.com/artists/alice-neel
✅聽力練習【愛麗絲·尼爾：藝術與記憶 Alice Neel: ART+MEMORY】：
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LNdLHHqynKc
⭐️TPO 22: 音樂家和電影產業 Musician & film industry
📖參考連結:
✅延伸閱讀【電影配樂完整指南 A Complete Guide to Movie Score】：
https://www.premiumbeat.com/blog/complete-guide-to-movie-score/
✅聽力練習【電影音樂：如何逐步為場景配樂 Music to Movies: How to Score a Scene Step by Step】：
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C_k08WO1EZc
⭐️TPO 23 螢幕舞蹈 Screen Dance
📖參考連結:
✅延伸閱讀【螢幕舞蹈：一種新的視覺語言 Screendance: A New Visual Language】：
https://arts.stanford.edu/screendance-a-new-visual-language/
✅聽力練習【螢幕舞蹈：電影與舞蹈的結合藝術 Screendance: The Art of Combing Film and Dance】：
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9iYj4TlRR4A
⭐️TPO 24 現代舞 Modern Dance
📖參考連結:
✅延伸閱讀【了解現代舞：現代舞指南 Understanding Modern Dance: A Guide to Modern Dance】：
https://www.masterclass.com/articles/modern-dance-explained
✅聽力練習【抒情舞、現代舞和當代舞的差異 Lyrical, Modern, and Contemporary…what’s the difference】：
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0xQL7EcQcAM
⭐️TPO 25 巴爾托克 Béla Bartók
📖參考連結:
✅延伸閱讀【歷史背景下的民間音樂 Folk Music in Historical Context】：
https://www.britannica.com/art/folk-music/Folk-music-in-historical-context
✅聽力練習【貝拉·巴托克：在十字路口 Béla Bartók: At the Crossroads】：
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=isU-rq6p8ws
⭐️TPO 25 埃及象形文字 Egyptian Hieroglyphs
📖參考連結:
✅延伸閱讀【關於古埃及象形文字的八個事實 Facts About Ancient Egypt’s Hieroglyphs Writing】：
https://www.history.com/news/hieroglyphics-facts-ancient-egypt
✅聽力練習【如何閱讀古埃及象形文字 How to Read Ancient Egyptian Hieroglyphs】：
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=emn_nqbETco
⭐️TPO 25 文藝復興时期的花園 Renaissance Gardens
📖參考連結:
✅延伸閱讀【文藝復興花園是什麼？它們對景觀有什麼影響？What are Renaissance Gardens and What are Their Effects on the Landscape】：
https://www.re-thinkingthefuture.com/designing-for-typologies/what-are-renaissance-gardens-and-what-are-their-effects-on-the-landscape/#google_vignette
✅聽力練習【英國花園簡史 A Short History of English Gardens】：
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mZhUl3fUKjI
⭐️TPO 26 阿基米德古抄本 Archimedes Palimpsest
📖參考連結:
✅延伸閱讀【阿基米德抄本揭示了超越时代的見解 Archimedes Palimpsest Reveals Insights Centuries Ahead of its Times】：
https://www.theguardian.com/books/2011/oct/26/archimedes-palimpsest-ahead-of-time
✅聽力練習【威爾·諾埃爾談《阿基米德抄本》的修復Restoring the Archimedes Palimpsest by Will Noel】：
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t3IP_FmGams
⭐️TPO 26 綠色行銷 Green Marketing
📖參考連結:
✅延伸閱讀【綠色行銷簡介：為什麼它現在比以往任何時候都更重要 An Introduction to Green Marketing: why it matters now more than ever】：
https://icc.academy/introduction-to-green-marketing/
✅聽力練習【綠色行銷：什麼是綠色行銷 Green Marketing: What is Green Marketing】：
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n_kf7bpOk00
⭐️TPO 27 原色 Primary Colors
📖參考連結:
✅延伸閱讀【原色是紅色、黃色和藍色，對吧？其實不完全是 Primary Colors are Red, Yellow and Blue, Right? Not Exactly】：
https://science.howstuffworks.com/primary-colors.htm
✅聽力練習【真正的原色The Real Primary Colors】：
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oEBoTHyasG8
⭐️TPO 27 小提琴 Violins
📖參考連結:
✅延伸閱讀【小提琴和中提琴的區別是什麼 What are the Differences Between a Violin and a Viola】：
https://blog.codabow.com/news/viola-v-violin/
✅聽力練習【關於小提琴的一切 Everything About Violins】：
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ObHKDkjIe-Q
⭐️TPO 29 回響 Reverberation
📖參考連結:
✅延伸閱讀【超音波影像偽影解釋 Ultrasound Image Artifacts Explained】：
https://www.nysora.com/news/ultrasound-image-artifacts-explained/
✅聽力練習【超音波偽影（回響偽影）Ultrasound Artifacts (Reverberation Artifacts)】：
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SyYkOglVVLo
⭐️TPO 30 吉他 Guitar
📖參考連結:
✅延伸閱讀【貝斯與吉他：差異、困難以及哪個適合你 Bass vs Guitar: Differences, Difficulties and Which is Right For You 】：
https://www.fender.com/articles/instruments/bass-vs-guitar
✅聽力練習【原聲吉他與電吉他：哪種吉他適合初學者？Acoustic vs Electric Guitars: Which Guitar is Right For Beginners?】：
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=E3vjSbzyYjM&t=58s
⭐️TPO 31 古希臘音樂與柏拉圖 Ancient Greek Music & Plato
📖參考連結:
✅延伸閱讀【柏拉圖論音樂 Plato on Music】：
https://www.popularbeethoven.com/plato-on-music/#:~:text=Plato%20concludes%20that%20music%20can,motion%20and%20a%20humming%20noise.
✅聽力練習【古希臘的音樂與創造力 Music and Creativity in Ancient Greece】：
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-1aAunaw1GA
⭐️TPO 32 歐文和六角屋 Irwin & Hexagonal House
📖參考連結:
✅延伸閱讀【哈里特·莫里森·歐文 Irwin, Harriet Morrison】：
https://ncarchitects.lib.ncsu.edu/people/P000547
✅聽力練習【六角形房屋 Hexagonal Houses】：
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ktjwxa9F5sI
⭐️TPO 34 達達藝術 Dada Art
📖參考連結:
✅延伸閱讀【什麼是達達主義、達達藝術或達達主義者 What is Dadaism, Dada Art, or a Dadaist】：
https://magazine.artland.com/what-is-dadaism/
✅聽力練習【8 分鐘了解達達主義：一切都可以是藝術嗎 Dadaism in 8 Minutes: Can Everything be Art】：
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U4WlTijUNc0
⭐️TPO 35 印刷對音樂的影響 Printing’s Effect on Music
📖參考連結:
✅延伸閱讀【樂譜印刷 Music Printing】：
https://opentext.uoregon.edu/payforplay/chapter/chapter-3-a-brief-history-of-music-printing-and-publishing/#:~:text=Music%20printing%20not%20only%20spread,portable%20and%20reproducible%20musical%20product.
✅聽力練習【文藝復興時期的樂譜印刷 Music Printing in the Renaissance】：
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3FL8cAROIMc
⭐️TPO 36 房間裡的聲音 Sound in a Room
📖參考連結:
✅延伸閱讀【透過了解室內聲學來改善你的聲音 Improve Your Sound By Understanding Room Acoustics】：
https://usabilitygeek.com/improve-sound-understanding-room-acoustics/
✅聽力練習【聲音在房間裡如何運作 How Sounds Works in Rooms】：
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JPYt10zrclQ&t=11s
⭐️TPO 37 畫 Painting
📖參考連結:
✅延伸閱讀【畫 Painting】：
https://www.britannica.com/art/painting/Elements-of-design
✅聽力練習【藝術美學與哲學：導論 Aesthetics and Philosophy of Art: Introduction】：
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MF8kz-mTIp4&t=508s
⭐️TPO 40 需要一種特殊的方法來呈現藝術品的訊息 A Particular Approach is Required to Present Information About an Artwork
📖參考連結:
✅延伸閱讀【藝術中的主題：它對藝術家的評價Subject Matter in Art: What it Says About the Artist】：
https://sparksgallery.com/learn/subject-matter-in-art
✅聽力練習【誰決定藝術的意義？Who Decides What Art Means?】：
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HoXyw909Qu0
⭐️TPO 41 文藝復興時期藝術的創作方式 The Way That Art was Created During the Renaissance
📖參考連結:
✅延伸閱讀【文藝復興藝術：歷史、特徵與例子 Renaissance Art: History, Characteristics, and Examples】：
https://www.masterclass.com/articles/renaissance-art-guide
✅聽力練習【文藝復興時期的藝術家是如何訓練的 How Renaissance Artists Were Trained】：
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xTDVz4y6f5Q
⭐️TPO 42 討論古典希臘羅馬雕像在古代的樣子 To Discuss How Classical Greek and Roman Statues Looked in Ancient Times
📖參考連結:
✅延伸閱讀【古典雕塑中的白色神話 The Myth of Whiteness in Classical Sculpture】：
https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2018/10/29/the-myth-of-whiteness-in-classical-sculpture
✅聽力練習【關於羅馬雕像的虛假陳述 The White Lie We’ve Been Told About Roman Statues】：
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4jmMWohs1XM
⭐️TPO 44 古希臘劇場的設計 The Design of Ancient Greek Theaters
📖參考連結:
✅延伸閱讀【希臘劇院建築 Greek Theatre Architecture】：
https://www.worldhistory.org/article/895/greek-theatre-architecture/
✅聽力練習【古希臘劇院 – 零件和機械 The Ancient Greek Theatre- Parts and Machinery】：
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4_XPcAwmuLg
⭐️TPO 45 文藝復興時期用於製作現實藝術作品的技術 Techniques Used During The Renaissance to Produce Realistic Works of Art
📖參考連結:
✅延伸閱讀【文藝復興時期繪畫的色彩和技巧 Colors and Techniques in Renaissance Painting】：
https://www.worldhistory.org/article/1628/colour–technique-in-renaissance-painting/
✅聽力練習【藝術鑑賞班：文藝復興時期 Art Appreciation Class: Renaissance Period】：
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7KClA7mXLvE
⭐️TPO 46 在早期繪畫中使用藍色的困難 Difficulties Using the Color Blue in Early Paintings
📖參考連結:
✅延伸閱讀【藍色顏料在藝術中的 6000 年歷史 The 6,000-Year History of Blue Pigment in Art】：
https://www.artsy.net/article/artsy-editorial-a-brief-history-of-blue
✅聽力練習【History of Color: Blue】：
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wnnVEadV188
⭐️TPO 46 關於肖像畫偏好的理論 Theories About a Preference in Portrait Painting
📖參考連結:
✅延伸閱讀【肖像畫簡史 A Very Brief History of Portrait Painting】：
https://artistchristinacarmel.com/blog/a-very-brief-history-of-portrait-painting#:~:text=Portrait%20paintings%20date%20back%20to,representation%20of%20a%20specific%20person%E2%80%9D.
✅聽力練習【肖像畫的解析 Portrait Painting Broken Down】：
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8eM0RggkwfA
⭐️TPO 48 L1: 美國20世紀的攝影 20th Century Photography in the United States
📖參考連結:
✅延伸閱讀【20世紀初攝影概論An Introduction to Photography in the Early 20th Century】：
https://smarthistory.org/an-introduction-to-photography-in-the-early-20th-century/
✅聽力練習【貝熱尼絲·阿博特：20 世紀的觀點，1992 年 Berenice Abbott: A View of the 20th Century, 1992】：
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oZHhVQQNsyA
⭐️TPO 51 插畫家的作品具有藝術和科學意義的方式 The Way in Which an Illustrator’s Work has Both Artistic and Scientific Significance
📖參考連結:
✅延伸閱讀【利用藝術和插圖的力量傳播科學 Using the Power of Art and Illustration to Communicate Science】：
https://www.neuroscienceof.com/human-nature-blog/neuroanatomy-art-radhika-patnala-interview
✅聽力練習【科學插畫家放棄科技事業換取藝術 Science Illustrator Trades Tech Career For Art】：
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=INOuaHZ-WPc
⭐️TPO 52 讓學生為即將到來的專案做好準備 To Prepare Students For an Upcoming Project
📖參考連結:
✅延伸閱讀【為學生的未來做好準備：統計數據和提示 Preparing Students for the Future: Statistics & Tips】：
https://www.smartlablearning.com/preparing-students-for-the-future-real-world/
✅聽力練習【輕鬆解釋：批判性思維 Casually Explained: Critical Thinking】：
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qMrnVkDH2Ak
⭐️TPO 53 早期有聲電影中對聲音使用的不同觀點 Conflicting Views on Uses of Sound During The Early Days of Sound Films
📖參考連結:
✅延伸閱讀【從無聲電影到有聲電影過渡的簡短歷史 A Very Short History of the Transition from Silent to Sound Movies】：
https://www.wonderstruckthebook.com/essay_silent-to-sound.htm
✅聽力練習【早期有聲電影的奇異世界 The Strange World of Early Sound Films】：
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FiuA5BfK6eM
⭐️TPO 54 檢查使特定戲劇作品與早期作品區分開來的元素 To Examine Elements That Set a Particular Theatrical Production Apart from Earlier Ones
📖參考連結:
✅延伸閱讀【什麼是技術劇場？What is Technical Theatre?】：
https://www.fbplayhouse.org/blog/2023/3/8/what-is-technical-theatre
✅聽力練習【戲劇與劇場：戲劇元素與劇本簡介 Drama & Theater: Introduction to Theatrical Elements & Plays】：
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TgA4NC6_r5g
⭐️TPO 56 1940年代末和1950年代美國繪畫的主導運動 A Dominant Movement in the United States Painting in the Late 1940s and the 1950s
📖參考連結:
✅延伸閱讀【抽象表現主義 Abstract Expressionism】：
https://www.britannica.com/biography/Joan-Mitchell
✅聽力練習【8 分鐘了解抽象表現主義：從「滴水者傑克」到色域 Abstract Expressionism in 8 Minutes: From ‘Jack The Dripper’ to Color Fields】：
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rP9k2xzrgx8
⭐️TPO 59 十九世紀歐洲藝術：寫實主義 Nineteenth Century European Art: Realism
📖參考連結:
✅延伸閱讀【十九世紀歐洲繪畫：主要風格與運動 19th Century European Painting: Key Styles & Movements】：
https://www.mayfairgallery.com/blog/19th-century-european-painting-styles-movements/#:~:text=1850%2D1900,with%20France%20and%20French%20painters.
✅聽力練習【十九世紀藝術與文學中的寫實主義 Realism in Art and Literature in the 19th Century】：
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_GPEE8PdSS0
⭐️TPO 60 油畫：大多數專業藝術家和愛好者的選擇媒介 Oil paints: The Medium of Choice Among Most Professional Artists and Hobbyists
📖參考連結:
✅延伸閱讀【油畫 Oil Painting】：
https://www.britannica.com/art/oil-painting
✅聽力練習【如何油畫速成班 A Crash Course on How to Oil Paint】：
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lKuzi4DGE84
⭐️TPO 63 繪畫「美國哥德式 」Painting American Gothic
📖參考連結:
✅延伸閱讀【American Gothic: Grant Wood’s Midwestern Mystery】：
https://www.christies.com/en/stories/american-gothic-a-midwestern-mystery-37605e6e8e7d4499847f7cf08a09b9fc
✅聽力練習【解讀格蘭特·伍德的《美國哥德式》：偉大畫作背後的故事 Grant Wood’s American Gothic Explained : The Story behind Great Paintings】：
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T7wM5VQQnys
⭐️TPO 65 一幅畫是二維的，畫中的一切或多或少都是平面的事實 The Fact that a Painting was Two-dimensional and Everything was More or Less Flat in a Painting
📖參考連結:
✅延伸閱讀【為什麼繪畫過去看起來如此奇怪，以及線性透視如何改變一切 Why Paintings Used to Look So Weird, and How Linear Perspective Changed Everything】：
https://www.cbc.ca/arts/why-paintings-used-to-look-so-weird-and-how-linear-perspective-changed-everything-1.5727069
✅聽力練習【2D 構圖基礎知識 Composition Fundamentals in 2D】：
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0LrjLJ2pEnM
⭐️TPO 70 畫家如何能夠在任何光線下顯示細節：感知動態範圍 How Painters are Able to Show Details in Any Kind of Light: Perceptual Dynamic Range
📖參考連結:
✅延伸閱讀【在嘗試繪畫之前學會觀察和解釋光 Learn to See and Interpret Light, Before Attempting to Paint it】：
https://www.outdoorpainter.com/painting-landscapes-seeing-light/
✅聽力練習【視覺感知－它是如何運作的 Visual Perception – How It Works】：
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DU3IiqUWGcU
文學
⭐️TPO 04 L4: 拉爾夫·沃爾多·愛默生的散文 Emerson’s Essay
📖參考連結:
✅延伸閱讀【拉爾夫·沃爾多·愛默生 Ralph Waldo Emerson 】：
https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-tw/%E6%8B%89%E5%B0%94%E5%A4%AB%C2%B7%E6%B2%83%E5%B0%94%E5%A4%9A%C2%B7%E7%88%B1%E9%BB%98%E7%94%9F
✅聽力練習【拉爾夫·沃爾多·愛默生的《自立》 Self-Reliance by Ralph Waldo Emerson】：
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-pEhC3345JE
⭐️TPO 05 L4: 民間故事和童話故事 Folk Tales and Fairy Tales
📖參考連結:
✅延伸閱讀【童話故事與民間故事。有什麼區別？Fairy Tales vs. Folktales: What’s the Difference? 】：
https://www.masterclass.com/articles/fairy-tales-vs-folktales-whats-the-difference-plus-fairy-tale-writing-prompts
✅聽力練習【傳統文學：民間故事、童話和寓言Traditional Literature: Folktales, Fairytales, and Fables】：
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eaVh8yGbXNc
⭐️TPO 06 L3: 創造虛構的人物 To create fictional characters
📖參考連結:
✅延伸閱讀【如何養成小說中的人物：角色養成的8個技巧】：
https://www.masterclass.com/articles/how-to-develop-fictional-characters
✅聽力練習【創造迷人的角色 Creating Captivating Characters】：
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hrkY3WrJ_v8
⭐️TPO 20 L3: 不同類型的民間故事 Different Types of folktale
📖參考連結:
✅延伸閱讀【什麼是民間故事？ What are Folktales?】：
https://study.com/learn/lesson/folktale-characteristics-types.html
✅聽力練習【民間故事的種類】：
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7baRK_ioxhA
⭐️TPO 43 L3: 蘇斯博士的文學和藝術方法 The literary and artistic approach of Theodor Seuss Geisel
📖參考連結:
✅延伸閱讀【蘇斯博士 Dr. Seuss 】：
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dr._Seuss
✅聽力練習【蘇斯博士：真正的蘇斯博士 Theodor Seuss Geisel: The Real Dr. Seuss】：
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Sz4U_fGXH0c
⭐️TPO 47 L1: 《艾那尼》Hernani
📖參考連結:
✅延伸閱讀【《艾那尼》戲劇 Hernani (drama)】：
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hernani_(drama)
✅聽力練習【雨果的《艾那尼》Hernani by Victor Hugo read by | Full Audio Book】：
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K5EebH-arH8
⭐️TPO 50 L3: 強調寫實主義的原因和特色 To highlight realism’s causes and characteristics
📖參考連結:
✅延伸閱讀【寫實主義 realism】：
https://www.britannica.com/art/realism-art
✅聽力練習【寫實主義的特徵 The Characteristics of Realism】：
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Kh6tC2qp9Zg